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Roman Grain Pests in Britain: Implications for Grain Supply and Agricultural Production

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 April 2011

David Smith  and
Harry Kenward
David Smith
Affiliation:
Institute for Archaeology and Antiquity, The University of Birmingham d.n.smith@bham.ac.uk
Harry Kenward
Affiliation:
Department of Archaeology, The University of York hkk1@york.ac.uk
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Abstract

It is over 30 years since Paul Buckland first presented a series of arguments concerning beetle (Coleoptera) grain pests: their origin, the timing of their introduction to Britain, and their implications for agricultural production during the Roman occupation. Here we return to the topic in the light of new data from a range of archaeological deposits, including civilian and military sites dating from the earliest period of Roman occupation. Infestation rates and, potentially, grain loss may have been high throughout Roman Britain, though many infestations may have been in equine feed. Beetle grain pests are not recorded in Britain prior to the Roman invasion, and it appears that they were absent, or extremely rare, in the early medieval period and up to the Norman Conquest. This pattern of occurrence is reviewed and it is suggested that ecological theory offers an explanation which is in accord with supposed socio-economic changes and trade. The role of grain pests is considered in the economic modelling of Romano-British agriculture.

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Britannia , Volume 42 , November 2011 , pp. 243 - 262
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2011. Published by The Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies

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