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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 09 November 2011
Evaluation excavations undertaken in early 1994 revealed elements of a ditch system and a pottery kiln within the confines of RAF Catterick (NGR SE 24350 96900). The site is located on river gravels close to their interface with the Boulder Clays that occupy the areas to the west and south. The River Swale lies some 700 m to the east and the site forms part of the Roman roadside settlement known at Bainesse Farm located on Dere Street some 2 km south of Cataractonium Roman town. Other work undertaken as part of the evaluation programme demonstrated that the roadside settlement extended for up to 750 m south of Bainesse Farm, which indicates that the site extends for approximately 1 km along Dere Street. There is little or no evidence for the presence of structures on side roads away from Dere Street, although the work undertaken in 1981–82 did demonstrate the existence of two strip-buildings, set one behind the other, in some of the building plots. The kiln site lies on the eastern periphery of the settlement and is quite possibly part of a zone of industrial activity around the fringes of the site. The latter suggestion arises from the discovery of a scatter of slag during fieldwalking undertaken as part of the evaluation that appeared to define the limits of the settlement to the south and west.
1 Evaluation excavations in advance of the proposed A1 Motorway were undertaken by the English Heritage Central Archaeology Service on behalf of W.S. Atkins-Northern and the Highways Agency. Report on evaluation excavations – P.R. Wilson, A1 Motorway Leeming to Scotch Corner Central Sector. Archaeological Assessment: Stage 3 (1994). Unpublished typescript report prepared for W. S. Atkins-Northern, Church House, Grange Road, Middlesbrough and The Highways Agency.
2 RAF Catterick is now known as Marne Barracks.
3 Britannia xiii (1982), 346–8Google Scholar; xvi (1983), 293; P.R. Wilson, ‘Recent work at Catterick’, in P.R. Wilson, R.F.J. Jones and D.M. Evans (eds), Settlement and Society in the Roman North (1984), 75–82.
4 op. cit. (note 1).
5 P.R. Wilson (a), ‘The Roman roadside settlement at Bainesse Farm, Catterick’, in P.R. Wilson (b), The Roman Town of Cataractonium: Excavations 1958–1993 (in preparation).
6 Sixty-two fragments of slag (3.88 kg) were found. Field-walking was confined to the southern and western sides of the settlement and clearly the slag could have a post-Roman origin.
7 op. cit. (note 3).
8 op. cit. (note 1).
9 Archaeological Investigations at R.A.F. Catterick North Yorkshire, 1994, unpub. typescript report prepared by GeoQuest Associates, The Old Vicarage, Castleside, Consett, Co. Durham (1995).
10 op. cit. (note 9).
11 Hildyard, E.J.W., ‘A Roman and Saxon site at Catterick’, Yorks. Arch. Journ. xxxviii (1955), 241–5.Google Scholar R.J. Cramp, ‘Excavations at Catterick R.A.F. Camp 1966’, in Wilson, op. cit. (note 5, b).
12 E.M. King and M. Moore, ‘The Romano-British settlement at Crambe, North Yorkshire’, Yorks. Phil. Soc. Ann. Rep. (1974), 64–8.
13 A. Bell and J. Evans, ‘The Romano-British pottery from Central Archaeology Service excavations at Catterick’, in Wilson, op. cit. (note 5, b).
14 J. Evans, Aspects of Later Roman Pottery Assemblages in Northern England, PhD thesis, University of Bradford (1985).
15 ibid.
16 L. Hird, ‘The pottery’, in T. Wilmott, Birdoswald (forthcoming).
17 Excavations by Professor J.S. Wacher. Report J.S Wacher and P.R. Wilson, in Wilson, op. cit. (note 5, b).
18 R.A.H. Farrar, ‘A Romano-British black-burnished ware industry at Ower in the Isle of Purbeck, Dorset,’ in J. Dore and K. Greene (eds), Roman Pottery Studies in Britain and Beyond, BAR Supp. Ser. 30 (1977), 199–228, nos 32–4.
19 Excavations were undertaken on the site by Mrs S Thubron and the Richmondshire Excavation Group over the period 1972–75. The results of this work are being amalgamated with the results of work in 1983 (Britannia xv (1984), 281–2) as site sub-division 7, in P.R. Wilson, S. Thubron and the late D. Thubron, ‘Catterick Bridge’, in Wilson, op. cit. (note 5, b).
20 J.P. Huntley, ‘The plant remains from CAS Site 524’, in Wilson, op. cit. (note 1).
21 C. de Rouffignac, pers. comm.
22 Veen, M. van der, ‘Charred grain assemblages from Roman-period corn-driers in Britain’, Arch. Journ. cxlvi (1989), 302–19.Google Scholar
23 Helbaek, H., ‘Early crops in southern England’, PPS xii (1952), 194–233.Google Scholar
24 J.P. Huntley, Plant Remains from Annetwell Street, Carlisle: A Synthesis, Ancient Monuments Laboratory Report 107–89 (1989), 32 pages; J.P. Huntley, Plant Remains from Excavations at The Lanes, Carlisle, Cumbria: Part I CAL, OGL, OBL and LEL, Ancient Monuments Laboratory Report 51/92 (1992), 201 pages.
25 J. Evans in Wilson, op. cit. (note 5, b).
26 op. cit. (note 25).
27 contra Wilson, op. cit. (note 3), 81.
