Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-dfsvx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T13:42:21.821Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Landing site preferences of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae) in the laboratory: avoidance of horizontal features?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

Christopher Doku
Affiliation:
Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Imperial College of Science and TechnologyLondon, UK
John Brady*
Affiliation:
Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Imperial College of Science and TechnologyLondon, UK
*
* Correspondence to: Dr J. Brady, Imperial College, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berks., SL5 7PY, UK.

Abstract

Landing site preferences of fed males of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood were measured in ca 50-cm-wide arenas in the laboratory. Flies were presented with simple black shapes of 225 cm2 against a white back-ground. Preference ran in the order: circle < square < triangle (whether the targets were black shapes on white or white on black). However, the triangle on its side (i.e. rotated through 90°) or the square presented as a diamond (i. e. rotated 45°) were both greatly preferred over their original orientations, whereas inverting the triangle (by rotating it 180°) greatly decreased its attractiveness. These preferences were retained whether the targets were compared paired or singly. The most obvious correlation was between preference and the relative lack of horizontal features in the target. When the diamond (the most attractive target) was split horizontally by a narrow white band, its attractiveness was reduced by ca 60%, whereas when split by a vertical band the attractiveness was reduced by only ca 25%. Similarly, when an additional narrow black bar was placed horizontally beneath the diamond its attractiveness was cut by 47%, whereas when the bar was placed vertically beside it the attractiveness was cut by only 28%. These reductions occurred even though the targets should have been more attractive because of their greater edge length and area. When the effect was tested with a series of rectangles, the greater the ratio of the vertical:horizontal edge length, the greater the attractiveness. The relative inhibition of landing by the presence of horizontal features in a laboratory-tested landing site thus seems clear, notwithstanding that horizontal resting sites in nature are the most preferred.

Type
Original Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Brady, J. (1972). Spontaneous, circadian components of tsetse fly activity.—J. Insect Physiol. 18, 471484.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brady, J. (1987). The sunset activity of tsetse flies—a light threshold study on Glossina morsitans.—Physiol. Entomol. 12, 363372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brady, J. (1988). The circadian organization of behavior: timekeeping in the tsetse fly, a model system.—Adv. Study Behav. 18, 153191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brady, J., Gibson, G. & Packer, M. J. (1989). Odour movement, wind direction, and the problem of host-finding by tsetse flies.—Physiol. Entomol. 14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brady, J. & Shereni, W. (1988). Landing responses of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Glossinidae & Muscidae) to black-and-white patterns: a laboratory study.—Bull. ent. Res. 78, 301311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chadwick, P. R. (1964). A study of the resting sites of Glossina swynnertoni Aust. in northern Tanganyika.—Bull. ent. Res. 55, 2328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, C. H. (1989). The use of two-coloured screens for catching Glossina palpalis palpalis (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera: Glossinidae).—Bull. ent. Res. 79, 8193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harberd, A. J. (1988). Studies on the ecology and control of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) in Somalia.—Ph.D. thesis, Univ. London.Google Scholar
Omoogun, G. A. (1985). The resting behaviour of Glossina longipalpis (Wiedemann) and Glossina fusca congolensis (Newstead & Evans) at Oke-Ako, Nigeria.—Insect Sci. Applic. 6, 8390.Google Scholar
Torr, S. J. (1989). Host-orientated behaviour of tsetse flies (Glossina): the interaction of visual and olfactory stimuli.—Physiol. Entomol. 14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, D. A. (1980). Tsetse ecological studies in Niger and Mozambique—II. Resting behaviour.—Insect Sci. Applic. 1, 1521.Google Scholar
Vale, G. A. (1974). The responses of tsetse flies (Diptera, Glossinidae) to mobile and stationary baits.—Bull. ent. Res. 64, 545588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar