¹ Emmet, Boris and Jeuck, John E., Catalogues and Counters: A History of Sears, Roebuck and Company (Chicago, 1950)Google Scholar; Hower, Ralph, History of Macy's of New York 1858–1919: Chapters in the Evolution of the Department Store (Cambridge, Mass., 1943)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Smalley, Orange A. and Sturdivant, Frederick D., The Credit Merchants: A History of Spiegel, Inc. (Carbondale and Edwardsville, Ill., 1973)Google Scholar; Twyman, Robert W., History of Marshall Field and Co., 1852–1906 (Philadelphia, 1954)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Baker, Henry Givens, Rich's of Atlanta: The Story of a Store Since 1867 (Atlanta, 1953)Google Scholar; Pasdermadjian, H., The Department Store, Its Origins, Evolution, and Economics (London, 1954)Google Scholar; Lebhar, Godfrey M., Chain Stores in America, 1859–1962 (New York, 1963).Google Scholar

² Busbey, Katherine G., Home Life in America (New York, 1910), 147.Google Scholar

³ Brann, W.L., The Romance of Montgomery Ward and Company (New York, 1929)Google Scholar; Hungerford, Edward, The Romance of a Great Store (New York, 1922)Google Scholar; Winkler, J.K., Five and Ten: The Fabulous Life of F.W. Woolworth (New York, 1940)Google Scholar; Wandt, Lloyd and Kogan, Herman, Give the Lady What She Wants: The Story of Marshall Field and Co. (Chicago, 1952)Google Scholar; Mahoney, Tom, The Great Merchants: The Stories of Twenty Famous Retail Operations and the People Who Made Them Great (New York, 1955).Google Scholar Another good popular history is Ferry, John William, A History of the Department Store (New York, 1960).Google Scholar Other popular biographies can be found in the bibliographies of Pasdermadjian, 206–213; Ferry, 377–379; Boorstin, Daniel, The Americans, The Democratic Experience (New York, 1973), 629–630Google Scholar; and Adburgham, Alison, Shops and Shopping: Where, and in What Manner the Well-Dressed Englishwoman Bought Her Clothes (London, 1964), 288–290.Google Scholar

⁴ See the New Yorker (December 12, 1977), 40–41.

⁵ Atherton, Lewis, The Southern Country Store, 1800–1860 (Baton Rouge, LA, 1949)Google Scholar; Barger, Harold, Distribution's Place in the American Economy Since 1869 (Princeton, N.J., 1955).Google Scholar

⁶ Review by Rostow, Elspeth, Business History Review, XXIX (June, 1955), 200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

⁷ Wright, Richardson, Hawkers and Walkers in Early America (New York, 1927).Google Scholar See also, Dolan, J.R., The Yankee Peddlers of Early America (New York, 1964).Google Scholar

⁸ Davis, Dorothy, A History of Shopping (London, 1966)Google Scholar; Alexander, David, Retailing in England During the Industrial Revolution (London, 1970)Google Scholar; Jefferys, James B., Retail Trading in Britain, 1850–1950 (Cambridge, 1955).Google Scholar

⁹ See Note 3.

¹⁰ Duffy, John, A History of Public Health in New York City, 1625–1866 (New York, 1968), 420–426Google Scholar; DeVoe, Thomas, The Market Book: A History of the Public Markets of the City of New York From Its First Settlement to the Present (New York, 1862).Google Scholar

¹¹ Shops and Shopping, p. vi; See Zola's novel Au Bonheur des Dames in Les Oeuvres Completes, Vol. 12 (Paris, n.d.), and the notes he took about Paris department stores in that same volume, 467–480.

¹² Boorstin, 101–129; Duncan, Hugh Dalziel, Culture and Democracy: The Struggle for Form in Society and Architecture in Chicago and the Middle West During the Life and Times of Louis H. Sullivan (Totowa, N.J., 1965), 113–131Google Scholar; Harris, Neil, “Museums, Merchandising, and Popular Taste: The Struggle for Influence,” in Quimby, Ian M., ed., Material Culture and the Study of American Life (New York, 1978), 141–174.Google Scholar A further contribution to this field appeared after the completion of this essay. See, Barth, Gunther, City People: The Rise of Modern City Culture in Nineteenth-Century America (New York, 1980), 110–147.Google Scholar