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WOUND-INDUCED ANTIXENOTIC RESISTANCE TO FLEA BEETLES, PHYLLOTRETA CRUCIFERAE (GOEZE) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE), IN CRUCIFERS1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

P. Palaniswamy  and
R.J. Lamb
P. Palaniswamy
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
R.J. Lamb
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
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Abstract

Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effect of wounding the cotyledons of Sinapis alba L. cv. Ochre, Brassica napus L. cv. Westar, B. rapa L. cv. Tobin, and C8711, a selection from Tobin, on subsequent feeding damage by the flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze). Cotyledons of 7-day-old seedlings were wounded either by puncturing them with needles (mechanical wounding) or by exposing them to flea beetles. One, 2, or 9 days following wounding, the wounded and unwounded seedlings were exposed to flea beetles and the feeding damage was estimated as a measure of antixenosis. Mechanical wounding of one of the cotyledons with 96 needle punctures induced a significant reduction in the damage of the unwounded cotyledons of S. alba, 1 or 2 days following wounding. True leaves of the wounded seedlings also showed consistently less damage than unwounded controls, 9 days following wounding. In S. alba, all three levels of mechanical wounding (i.e. 6, 24, or 96 punctures per cotyledon) reduced subsequent flea beetle damage to a similar extent. Wrapping a cotyledon of S. alba with a plastic film produced an effect similar to wounding it with needles. As with mechanical wounding, flea beetle wounding also reduced subsequent flea beetle damage in S. alba. Other plant species (B. napus and B. rapa) tested showed no measurable induced effects on subsequent feeding damage.

Résumé

Des expériences en laboratoire ont servi à déterminer l’effet de blessures aux cotylédons de Sinapis alba L. cv. Ochre, Brassica napus L. cv. Westar, B. rapa L. cv. Tobin et C8711, une variété de Tobin, sur les dommages causés subséquemment par l’alimentation des altises, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze). Les cotylédons de plantules de 7 jours ont été blessés soit en les perçant au moyen d’une aiguille (blessure mécanique), soit en les exposant aux altises. Un, 2 ou 9 jours plus tard, les plantules blessés et les plantules intacts ont été exposés aux altises et les dommages causés par l’activité alimentaire de ces insectes ont servi de mesure de l’antixénose. La perforation de l’un des cotylédons au moyen de 96 coups d’aiguille a entraîné une réduction significative des dommages aux cotylédons sains chez S. alba, 1 ou 2 jours après l’administration des blessures. Les feuilles véritables des plantules blessés étaient aussi significativement moins affectées que les témoins intacts 9 jours après l’administration des blessures. Chez S. alba, les trois types de traitements mécaniques (i.e. 6, 24 ou 96 coups d’aiguille par cotylédon) ont réduit à peu près de la même façon les dommages causés subséquemment par les altises. L’application d’un film de plastique sur un cotylédon de S. alba a produit des effets semblables aux coups d’aiguille. Comme les blessures mécaniques, les blessures causées par les altises elles-mêmes réduisent aussi les dommages éventuels. Sur les autres espèces de plantes (B. napus et B. rapa), les traitements expérimentaux n’ont produit aucun effet mesurable sur les dommages causés par l’alimentation des altises.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 125 , Issue 5 , October 1993 , pp. 903 - 912
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1993

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