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Actual and potential distribution of an invasive canola pest, Meligethes viridescens (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), in Canada

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

P.G. Mason ,
O. Olfert ,
L. Sluchinski ,
R.M. Weiss ,
C. Boudreault ,
M. Grossrieder  and
U. Kuhlmann
P.G. Mason*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
O. Olfert
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
L. Sluchinski
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
R.M. Weiss
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
C. Boudreault
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
M. Grossrieder
Affiliation:
CABI Bioscience Centre Switzerland, Rue des Grillons 1, CH-2800 Delémont, Switzerland
U. Kuhlmann
Affiliation:
CABI Bioscience Centre Switzerland, Rue des Grillons 1, CH-2800 Delémont, Switzerland
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: masonp@agr.gc.ca).
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Abstract

Meligethes viridescens (Fabricius), bronzed or rape blossom beetle, is a widespread and common pest of oilseed rape [Brassica napus L. and Brassica rapa L. (Brassicaceae)] in the western Palaearctic subregion. The establishment of M. viridescens in eastern North America has raised concern that its presence is a potential risk to the Canadian canola industry, especially to the prairie ecozone of western Canada where up to 4 million ha of summer canola (B. napus and B. rapa) are grown annually. Study of museum specimens indicated that M. viridescens was first recorded in Nova Scotia in 1947. Field surveys indicated that, as of 2001, M. viridescens was established as far west as Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec. A CLIMEXTM model for M. viridescens in Europe was developed and validated with actual distribution records. In Canada the model predicted that once introduced, M. viridescens would readily survive in the canola-growing areas. The actual distribution of M. viridescens in eastern Canada matched the predicted distribution well. The westward dispersal to and establishment of M. viridescens in canola-growing areas of Ontario and western Canada, particularly southern Manitoba, appear to be inevitable. Establishment in these areas presents the risk of substantial production losses to canola producers.

Résumé

Meligethes viridescens (Fabricius), le coléoptère des fleurs du colza, est un ravageur commun de colza oléagineaux [Brassica napus L. et Brassica rapa L. (Brassicaceae)] dans la sous-région de l'ouest paléarctique. L'établissement de M. viridescens dans l'est de l'Amérique du Nord suscite des inquiétudes parce qu'il représente un risque pour l'industrie de colza du Canada où l'on cultive jusqu'à 4 millions d'hectares de colza d'été, B. napus et B. rapa, chaque année. L'étude de spécimens de musée indique que M. viridescens est d'abord apparu en Nouvelle-Écosse en 1947. Les études sur le terrain ont démontré qu'en 2001, M. viridescens a progressé vers l'ouest jusqu'à Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec. Un modèle CLIMEXMD a été élaboré et validé en Europe avec des données sur la répartition réelle de M. viridescens. Au Canada, le modèle prédit qu'une fois introduit, le ravageur peut facilement survivre dans les zones de culture de colza. La répartition actuelle de M. viridescens dans l'est du Canada correspond bien à la répartition prédite par le modèle. La dispersion vers l'ouest et l'établissement de M. viridescens dans les zones de culture de colza de l'Ontario et de l'ouest canadien, particulièrement dans le sud du Manitoba, semblent inévitables. La colonisation de ces régions pose un risque de pertes considérables pour les producteurs de colza.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 135 , Issue 3 , June 2003 , pp. 405 - 413
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2003

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