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Association between Dendroctonus valens and black stain root disease on ponderosa pine in the Sierra Nevada of California

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Donald R. Owen ,
David L. Wood  and
John R. Parmeter Jr.
Donald R. Owen*
Affiliation:
California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, 6105 Airport Road, Redding, California 96002, United States of America
David L. Wood
Affiliation:
Division of Insect Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States of America
John R. Parmeter Jr.
Affiliation:
Florence, Oregon, United States of America
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: don.owen@fire.ca.gov).
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Abstract

The host-colonization behavior of the red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens LeConte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), was investigated in stands of ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa P. & C. Lawson (Pinaceae), with black stain root disease in the central Sierra Nevada of California. By felling live trees, we found that trees with pitch tubes produced during the initiation of tunneling by D. valens had a significantly higher incidence of black stain root disease, caused by Leptographium wageneri var. ponderosum (Harrington et Cobb), than trees without pitch tubes. Trees with the most D. valens pitch tubes had the greatest likelihood of being diseased. Additionally, observations over a 3-year period revealed that trees with D. valens pitch tubes had a significantly higher mortality rate than trees without pitch tubes. Infection by L. wageneri was confirmed for most of the trees that died, and death typically did not occur without mass attacks by the western pine beetle, D. brevicomis LeConte, and (or) the mountain pine beetle, D. ponderosae Hopkins. Trees with the most D. valens pitch tubes had the highest mortality rate. An experiment was conducted to compare the attraction of D. valens and other insects to wounded-diseased, wounded-symptomless, and unwounded trees. More D. valens, Spondylis upiformis Mannerheim (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), and Hylastes spp. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) were attracted to wounded trees than to unwounded trees. Catches of these beetles on wounded-diseased trees were not significantly different from catches on wounded-symptomless trees.

Résumé

Nous avons étudié le comportement de colonisation de l'hôte du dendroctone rouge de l'épinette, Dendroctonus valens LeConte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), dans des boisés de pins ponderosa, Pinus ponderosa P. & C. Lawson (Pinaceae), infectés de la tache noire des racines, dans le centre de la Sierra Nevada, Californie. L'abattage d'arbres vivants révèle que les arbres possédant des coulées de résine produites par le percement initial des galeries de D. valens ont une incidence plus élevée de la tache noire des racines causée par Leptographium wageneri var. ponderosum (Harrington et Cobb) que les arbres sans coulées de résine. Les arbres avec le plus grand nombre de coulées de résines provoquées par D. valens sont les plus susceptibles d'être infectés. De plus, des observations sur une période de 3 ans indiquent que les arbres avec des coulées de résine provoquées par D. valens ont un taux de mortalité significativement plus élevé que les arbres dépourvus de coulées de résine. La plupart des arbres qui meurent ont une infection confirmée à L. wageneri et la mort s'accompagne typiquement d'attaques massives du dendroctone occidental du pin, D. brevicomis LeConte et (ou) du dendroctone du pin ponderosa, D. ponderosae Hopkins. Les arbres avec le plus grand nombre de coulées de résine provoquées par D. valens ont le taux de mortalité le plus élevé. Une expérience nous a permis de comparer l'attirance de D. valens et d'autres insectes pour les arbres blessés et à racines infectées, pour les arbres blessés mais non symptomatiques et pour les arbres sains. Un nombre plus grand de D. valens, de Spondylis upiformis Mannerheim (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) et d'Hylastes spp. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) sont attirés par les arbres blessés que par les arbres sains. Les récoltes de ces insectes sur les arbres blessés et infectés ne diffèrent pas de celles sur les arbres blessés, mais non symptomatiques.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 137 , Issue 3 , June 2005 , pp. 367 - 375
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2005

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