Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-75dct Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-05T13:18:06.342Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

THE CHALCID SEED WASP, MEGASTIGMUS NIGROVARIEGATUS HYMENOPTERA: TORYMIDAE, ON ROSA RUGOSA THUNB. IN NOVA SCOTIA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Tanya L. Gillan  and
David H.S. Richardson
Tanya L. Gillan
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3C3
David H.S. Richardson
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3C3
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Two naturalized populations and two planted populations of Rosa rugosa Thunb. were studied with respect to chalcid seed wasp infestation. Megastigmus nigrovariegatus Ashmead was found in hips from planted R. rugosa in Halifax and Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, but not from bushes at naturalized sites. The percentage of infested hips at the Halifax and Dartmouth locations was 26 and 31%, respectively. The percentage of infested achenes within a single hip varied widely from 3 to 79% at the Halifax site and 7 to 60% at the Dartmouth site.Adult emergence was over 75% successful when achenes were over 2 mm in diameter but less than 15% for smaller achenes. The exit hole on the achene faced the outer wall of the hip. Adults emerged later in Nova Scotia than in the United States and between 59 and 72% were female. More than one adult wasp was observed ovipositing on a single hip.

Résumé

La sensibilité aux infestations du chalcis granivore Megastigmus nigrovariegatus Ashmead a été étudiée chez deux populations naturalisées et deux populations plantées de rosiers Rosa rugosa Thunb. Le chalcis a été trouvé dans les fructifications des rosiers plantés à Halifax et à Dartmouth, Nouvelle-Écosse, mais pas dans les rosiers naturalisés. Le pourcentage de fructifications infestées a été évalué à 26% à Halifax et à 31% à Dartmouth. Le pourcentage d’akènes infestés dans chaque fructification variait de 3 à 79% à Halifax et de 7 à 60% à Dartmouth. Soixante-quinze pourcent des akènes de plus de 2 mm de diamètre ont produit des adultes, comparativement à seulement 15% dans le cas des akènes plus petits. Le trou laissé par les adultes émergés dans les akènes donnait sur la paroi extérieure de la fructification.

Les adultes émergeaient plus tard en Nouvelle-Écosse qu’ aux États-Unis et 59–72% des adultes étaient des femelles. Plusieurs femelles pondeuses ont été observées sur une même fructification.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 129 , Issue 5 , October 1997 , pp. 809 - 814
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1997

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Balduf, W.V. 1945. Bionomics of the rose seed chalcid, Megastigmus nigrovariegatus Ashm. (Hymenoptera, Callimomidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 47: 185–198.Google Scholar
Balduf, W.V. 1959. Obligatory and facultative insects in rose hips. Illinois Biological Monographs 26: 123–150.Google Scholar
Godfray, H.C.J. 1994. Parasitoids. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.Google Scholar
Klingeman, W.E. 1994. Ecological interactions among Rosa multiflora Thunb., Megastigmus aculeatus nigroflavus Hoffmeyer (Hymenoptera: Torymidae), and frugivorous animals. MSc thesis, North Carolina State University, Raleigh.Google Scholar
Lutz, M., Torres, M., Carreno, P., and Gonzalez, I.. 1993. Comparative effects of rose hip and corn oils on biliary and plasma lipids in rats. Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutricion 43: 23–27Google Scholar
Mays, W.T., and Kok, L.. 1988. Seed wasps on multiflora rose, Rosa multiflora, in Virginia. Weed Technology 2: 265–268.Google Scholar
Milliron, H.E. 1949. The genus Megastigmus. American Midland Naturalist 41: 258–419Google Scholar
Nalepa, C.A. 1989. Distribution of the rose seed chalcid Megastigmus aculeatus var. nigroflavus Hoffmeyer (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) in North Carolina. Journal of Entomological Science 24: 413–416.Google Scholar
Nalepa, C.A. 1992. Evaluation of flotation as a method for determining infestation of multiflora rose seeds by Megastigmus aculeatus var. nigroflavus (Hymenoptera: Torymidae). Journal of Entomological Science 27: 35–36.Google Scholar
Nalepa, C.A., and Grissell, E.E.. 1993. Host seed size and adult size, emergence, and morphology of Megastigmus aculeatus nigroflavus (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) in North Carolina. Journal of Entomological Science 22: 1313–1317.Google Scholar
Shorthouse, J.D. 1994. Host shift of the leaf galler Diplolepis polita (Hymenoptera: Cyanipidae) to the domestic shrub rose Rosa rugosa. The Canadian Entomologist 126: 1499–1503.Google Scholar
Verrier, S. 1991. Rosa rugosa. Capability's Books, Deer Park, WI.Google Scholar