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Influence of prey size and environmental factors on predation by Podisus maculiventris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on viburnum leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Gaylord A. Desurmont  and
Paul A. Weston
Gaylord A. Desurmont*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2601, United States of America
Paul A. Weston
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-2601, United States of America
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: gd53@cornell.edu).
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Abstract

Experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions to determine the influence of the relative sizes of predator and prey, temperature, presence of refugia, size of the search area, and host-plant species on the predation performance of Podisus maculiventris (Say) nymphs against viburnum leaf beetle, Pyrrhalta viburni (Paykull), a new landscape pest in North America that feeds on the foliage of species of Viburnum L. (Caprifoliaceae). Predator handling time was positively correlated with body mass of the prey for all instars of P. maculiventris, but the rate of increase of handling time relative to prey mass decreased as predator age increased. Temperature was positively correlated with predation rates, but the presence of refugia did not have an impact on predation. The influence of host-plant species and size of the search area was tested on southern arrowwood (Viburnum dentatum L.) and American cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus L. var. americanum Aiton). There was a significant interaction between plant species and size of the search area, the species effect becoming significant as leaf surface area increased. In the case of southern arrowwood a negative correlation between size of the search area and predation rate was also detected. The identification of these factors adds valuable knowledge for using P. maculiventris as a biological-control agent against P. viburni.

Résumé

Nous avons fait des expériences en conditions de laboratoire pour déterminer l’influence de la taille relative prédateur:proie, de la température, de la présence de refuges, de l’importance de la surface de recherche et de l’espèce de plante hôte sur la performance des larves prédatrices de Podisus maculiventris (Say) contre la galéruque de la viorne, Pyrrhalta viburni (Paykull), un nouveau ravageur des paysages en Amérique du Nord qui se nourrit du feuillage d’espèces de Viburnum L. (Caprifoliaceae). Il y a une corrélation positive entre le temps de manipulation et la masse de la proie chez tous les stades de P. maculiventris, mais le taux d’augmentation du temps de manipulation par unité de masse de la proie décroît à mesure que les prédateurs deviennent plus âgés. Il existe une corrélation positive entre la température et les taux de prédation, mais la présence de refuges n’affecte pas la prédation. Nous avons vérifié l’influence de l’espèce de plante hôte et de la taille de l’aire de recherche chez la viorne dentée (Viburnum dentatum L.) et la viorne trilobée (Viburnum opulus L. var. americanum Aiton). Il y a une interaction significative entre l’espèce de plante et la surface de l’aire de recherche, l’effet de l’espèce devenant significatif avec l’accroissement de la surface de la feuille. Nous avons aussi détecté une corrélation négative entre la surface de l’aire de recherche et le taux de prédation chez la viorne dentée. L’identification de ces facteurs apporte des renseignements importants pour l’utilisation de P. maculiventris comme agent de lutte biologique contre P. viburni.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 140 , Issue 2 , April 2008 , pp. 192 - 202
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2008

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