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Oviposition response of spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to host terpenes and green-leaf volatiles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Gary G. Grant ,
Jian Guo ,
Linda MacDonald  and
Melanie D. Coppens
Gary G. Grant*
Affiliation:
Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, 1219 Queen Street E, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 2E5
Jian Guo
Affiliation:
Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, 1219 Queen Street E, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 2E5
Linda MacDonald
Affiliation:
Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, 1219 Queen Street E, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 2E5
Melanie D. Coppens
Affiliation:
Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, 1219 Queen Street E, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 2E5
*
1 Corresponding author (e-mail: ggrant@nrcan.gc.ca).
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Abstract

A dual-choice behavioral bioassay and gas chromatography – electroantennogram detection (GC–EAD) were used to determine the effect of host terpenes and nonhost green-leaf volatiles (GLVs) on the oviposition preference of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens). Some emphasis was placed on assessing the ability of females to distinguish between enantiomers of chiral monoterpenes because (+)-α-pinene but not (–)-α-pinene or (±)-α-pinene had been shown previously to promote oviposition. Headspace volatiles from white spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss (Pinaceae), and balsam fir, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. (Pinaceae), were sampled using solid-phase microextraction and identified by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry with the aid of a chiral column. Females deposited significantly more egg masses on filter paper substrate treated with host monoterpenes than on controls. Contrary to expectation, substrates treated with several GLVs were also preferred over the controls. None of the GLVs or terpenes was deterrent. Females showed no significant ability in either the behavioral or the GC–EAD bioassays to distinguish between enantiomers of selected chiral monoterpenes, including α-pinene, in contrast to earlier findings. We conclude that host terpenes serve as general rather than host-specific oviposition stimuli for spruce budworm.

Résumé

Un bioessai comportemental à deux choix et une technique GC–EAD (chromatographie en phase gazeuse et détection électro-antenno-graphique) nous ont servi à déterminer les effets des terpènes de l'hôte et des substances volatiles des feuilles vertes (GLV) ne provenant pas de l'hôte sur les préférences de ponte de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens). Nous avons, de façon particulière, déterminé la capacité des femelles à distinguer entre les énantiomères des monoterpènes chiraux, puisqu'on a démontré antérieurement que la (+)-α-pinène favorise la ponte, ce qui n'est pas le cas de la (–)-α-pinène, ni de la (±)-α-pinène. Nous avons échantillonné à l'aide de SPME (micro-extraction en phase solide) et identifié par chromatographie en phase gazeuse et par spectrométrie de masse à l'aide d'une colonne chirale les substances volatiles dans l'espace supérieur immédiat émises par l'épinette blanche, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss (Pinaceae) et le sapin baumier, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. (Pinaceae). Les femelles pondent significativement plus de masses d'oeufs sur un substrat de papier filtre traité avec les monoterpènes de l'hôte que sur les témoins. Contrairement à notre prévision, les substrats traités avec différents GLV sont aussi préférés aux témoins. Aucun des GLV et des terpènes n'est inhibiteur. Contrairement à des résultats antérieurs, les femelles ne montrent aucune aptitude significative, tant dans les tests comportementaux que dans les tests GC–EAD, à distinguer entre les énantiomères des monoterpènes chiraux sélectionnés, y compris de la α-pinène. Nous concluons que les terpènes de l'hôte servent de stimulus généraux de la ponte chez la tordeuse de bourgeons de l'épinette, plutôt que de stimulus spécifiques à l'hôte.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 139 , Issue 4 , August 2007 , pp. 564 - 575
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2007

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