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POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE CABBAGE APHID, BREVICORYNE BRASSICAE (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) AT VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA: II. DEVELOPMENT, FECUNDITY, AND LONGEVITY

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

D. A. Raworth
D. A. Raworth
Affiliation:
Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1X2
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Abstract

Developmental time of Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) was measured in the laboratory at 8°, 13°, 18°, and 23 °C. Time from birth to adult was 126 degree-days above a threshold of 6.7 °C (°D6.7). Age-specific fecundity and longevity was measured at 13°, 18°, and 23 °C. The temperature thresholds for birth and physiological death rates were not significantly different from 6.7 °C. Fecundity averaged 40.7 nymphs/female and did not vary with temperature or frequency of removal of nymphs. Peak reproduction occurred 75°D6.7 after the molt to adult. Although the time of peak reproduction did not vary as a function of fecundity, height of the reproductive peak and length of the reproductive period did, but not in a 1:1 proportion. Age-specific fecundity was described as a polynomial function of aphid age in °D6.7 and fecundity. Longevity did not vary as a function of fecundity. All aphids survived until after the reproductive peak, so the sum of the age-specific fecundities very nearly equaled the net reproductive rate. Measurements of developmental time, fecundity, and longevity of B. brassicae in the field were 1.3, 0.66, and 1.2 times the respective laboratory value. Consecutive measurements of developmental time and fecundity showed that the former increased and the latter decreased during the season. The consequences of variable developmental time, fecundity, and age-specific reproductive pattern to the quantitative representation of population growth rates are discussed.

Résumé

On a mesuré le temps de développement de Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) en laboratoire, à 8, 13, 18 et 23 °C. La période allant de la naissance au stade adulte a duré 126 degrés-jours, au-dessus d'un seuil de 6.7 °C (°J6.7). On a mesuré la fécondité en fonction de l'âge ainsi que la longévité à 13, 18 et 23 °C. Les seuils de température pour les taux de natalité et de mortalité physiologique n'ont pas vraiment varié comparativement à celui observé à 6.7 °C. Par ailleurs, le taux de fécondité a atteint en moyenne 40.7 nymphes par femelle et il n'a varié ni en fonction de la température ni en fonction de la fréquence d'enlèvement des nymphes. On a observé un taux de reproduction maximal à 75 °J6.7 après la dernière mue. Bien que la période de reproduction maximale n'ait pas varié en fonction de la fécondité, la hauteur du pic reproductif et la longueur de la période de reproduction ont varié, mais pas dans une proportion de 1 : 1. La fécondité en fonction de l'âge a été décrite comme une fonction polynôme de l'âge des pucerons en °J6.7 et de fécondité. La fécondité n'a pas influé sur la longévité. Tous les pucerons ont survécu jusqu'après la période de reproduction maximale de sorte que la somme des fécondités en fonction de l'âge a presque égalé le taux de reproduction net. Les données sur le temps de développement, la fécondité et la longévité de B. brassicae au champ ont atteint 1.3, 0.66 et 1.2 fois les valeurs respectives obtenues en laboratoire. Des mesures consécutives du temps de développement et de la fécondité ont montré que la première a augmenté alors que l'autre diminuait pendant la saison. Le présent rapport souligne également les conséquences des variations du temps de développement, de la fécondité et de la courbe de reproduction en fonction de l'âge sur la représentation quantitative du taux de croissance de la population.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 116 , Issue 6 , June 1984 , pp. 871 - 878
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1984

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