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PREDICTING LARVAL ABUNDANCE OF THE BERTHA ARMYWORM, MAMESTRA CONFIGURATA WLK., IN MANITOBA FROM CATCHES OF MALE MOTHS IN SEX ATTRACTANT TRAPS1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

W.J. Turnock
W.J. Turnock
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9
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Abstract

Two cone-orifice-type traps baited with (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol acetate (1.0 mg) and (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (0.05 mg) were placed in each of 5–13 canola (Brassica spp.) fields per year for 7 years at locations distributed throughout the area in Manitoba subject to outbreaks of the bertha armyworm, Mamestra configurata Wlk. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The number of male moths per trap varied from 0 to 821 in the 90 fields trapped. Larval density, in the trap fields and in 185 nearby canola fields, varied from 0 to 105 per square metre. There was a direct relationship between the number of moths per trap and the density of late-instar larvae (L4–L6) for the trap fields and for nearby (within 5 km) fields but variability was loo high to allow accurate prediction of larval densities for individual fields. However, the number of moths per trap could be used to predict the proportion of fields in the vicinity of the trap field that would have larval densities above the economic threshold. No fields with above-threshold larval densities occurred with captures of <20 moths per trap. The proportion of fields with larval densities above the economic threshold increased from 0.10 with 20–30 moths per trap, lo 0.19 with 30–60 moths per trap, 0.64 with 70–100 moths per trap, and 0.91 with over 100 moths per trap. Contamination of catches by non-target species of noctuid moths had insignificant effects on the accuracy of these predictions because even if they were misidentified as M. configurata the number of moths per trap changed only marginally. Populations of M. configurara were higher and local outbreaks occurred more frequently in canola-growing areas adjacent to morainic hills along the Manitoba Escarpment, whereas populations were low in areas of the Manitoba Lowlands and of the Western Uplands. A proposed monitoring system for M. configurata in Manitoba is described.

Résumé

Deux pièges à orifice en cône appâtés à l’acétate de (Z)-11-hexadécène-1-ol (1,0 mg) et à l’acétate de (Z)-9-tétradécène-1-ol (0,05 mg) ont été placés dans chacun de 5–13 champs de colza canola (Brassica spp.) par année pendant 7 ans à des endroits répartis dans toute la zone du Manitoba exposée à des foyers d’infestation de la légionnaire bertha, Mamestra configurata Wlk. (Lépidoptères : Noctuidés). Le nombre de papillons mâles capturés par piège varie de 0 à 821 dans les 90 champs piégés. La densité des larves, dans les champs piégés et dans 185 champs de colza canola voisins, varie de 0 à 105 par m2. Il existe un rapport direct entre le nombre de papillons capturés par piège et la densité de larves rendues au stade tardif de développement (L4–L6) pour les champs piégés et pour les champs avoisinants (moins de 5 km), mais la variabilité est trop élevée pour permettre la prédiction exacte des densités larvaires de chaque champ. Toutefois, le nombre de papillons capturés par piège pourrait servir à prédire la proportion de champs situés dans le voisinage du champ piégé qui auraient des densités larvaires supérieures au seuil économiquement acceptable. Pour un nombre inférieur à 20 papillons par piège, aucun champ ne présente de densité larvaire supérieure au seuil économique. La proportion des champs affichant des densités larvaires supérieures à ce seuil augmente de 0,10 pour des densités de 20–30 papillons par piège à 0,19 pour des densités de 30–60 papillons par piège, à 0,64 pour des densités de 70–100 et à 0,91 pour les densités supérieures à 100 papillons par piège. La contamination des captures par des espèces non visées de Noctuidés n’a pas d’effet significatif sur l’exactitude de ces prédictions car même si elles étaient mal identifiées comme appartenant à M. configurata, le nombre de papillons capturés par piège n’a varié que très légèrement. Les populations de M. configurata sont plus denses et des foyers d’infestation locaux se déclenchent plus fréquemment dans la région de culture du colza canola voisine des collines morainiques le long de l’escarpement Manitoba, alors que les populations sont plutôt faibles dans les zones des terres basses du Manitoba et des terres hautes de l’Ouest. L’auteur décrit un projet de système de surveillance de M. configurata au Manitoba.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 119 , Issue 2 , February 1987 , pp. 167 - 178
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1987

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