For several years correspondents in Arizona and California have been sending out an Euphydryas taken at various localities in Arizona as “hermosa” which is obviously not that species. Hermosa Wright (1905, Butts. West Coast, p. 157, No. 179) was described from southern Arizona which may account in part for the misidentification. It is figured by the author (Plate XIX figs. 179, b, c) and does not appear to be rare in collections.

The only published records of Chermidae captured in Alberta, which we have been able to find, refer to Psyllia americana Cwfd., Trioza varians Cwfd. both taken at Banff, and Paratrioza cockerelli Sulc., which has been, in recent years, accidentally introduced into the province.

The wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Nort.) has recently become established as a serious pest of wheat in the Nobleford—Lethbridge area of southern Alberta, the first appreciable damage to wheat occurring in 1934. Each succeeding year the insect has increased and spread rapidly throughout the area, and in many cases crop losses have run as high as 75 to 80 per cent.

The material here described represents three new species and one new variety. These were received by the writer from J. K. Jacob of the University of British Columbia and from D. Denning of the University of Minnesota.

The following observations and conciusions are based upon ephemerids from temperate North America and principally upon material from the eastern United States. It is perfectly conceivable that in other parts of the world, where the fauna and also the environmental conditions are different, the conclusions reached here may not be applicable.