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Hypoplastic left heart syndrome and other left heart disease: evolution of understanding from population-based analysis to molecular biology and back again – a brief overview

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 December 2011

Joel I. Brenner  and
Karen Kuehl
Joel I. Brenner*
Affiliation:
Helen B. Taussig Congenital Heart Center at the Johns Hopkins Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
Karen Kuehl
Affiliation:
National Heart Institute, Sheik Zayed Center for Advanced Pediatric Medicine, Washington, DC, United States of America
*
Correspondence to: Dr Joel I. Brenner, MD, Helen B. Taussig Congenital Heart Center at the Johns Hopkins Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America. Tel: +1 410 614 6746; Fax: +1 410 955 0897; E-mail: jbrenne@jhmi.edu
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Abstract

Congenital cardiac disease is the most common birth defect, occurring in approximately 1 in 1000 live births. Congenital cardiac defects have associations, whether with gender, race, or specific chromosomal abnormalities, potentially allowing grouping of defects to be studied in an effort to develop an understanding of aetiological factors. The Baltimore-Washington Infant Study provides full ascertainment of a population of infants with congenital cardiac disease born in a defined geographic region. The fundamental hypotheses generated at the inception of the Baltimore-Washington Infant Study included the central idea that the outcome of birth, including the development of congenital cardiac malformations, was influenced by environmental factors and their route of introduction into a genetically susceptible host. Evidence exists that supports the concept that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of diseases of the left heart.

Keywords

Hypoplastic left heart syndromehypoplasia of the left heartaetiologygenetic aetiologyenvironmental aetiologypopulation-based studymolecular biology
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 21 , Issue S2: A Holistic Approach to Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and other evolving challenges in Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Disease , 13 December 2011 , pp. 23 - 27
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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