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Prevalence of ophthalmological abnormalities in children and adolescents with CHD: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 April 2015

Manuel A. P. Vilela ,
Graciele Sbruzzi  and
Lucia C. Pellanda
Manuel A. P. Vilela*
Affiliation:
Ophthalmology Department, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
Graciele Sbruzzi
Affiliation:
School of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
Lucia C. Pellanda
Affiliation:
Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences: Cardiology, Instituto de Cardiologia/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
*
Correspondence to: M. A. P. Vilela, MD, PhD, Department of Specialized Medicine – Ophthalmology, Federal University of Pelotas, Avenida Duque de Caxias, 250, Fragata, Pelotas, RS 96001970, Brazil. Tel: +55 533 309 2400; Fax: +55 5133953602; E-mail: mapvilela@gmail.com
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Abstract

Background

CHDs form a complex and heterogeneous group of clinical entities, with high morbidity and mortality. With the advancement of surgical and invasive techniques and clinical treatment, the survival of these patients has increased significantly, and there are reports of a high prevalence of ocular abnormalities in this group. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ocular findings in children and adolescents diagnosed with CHD.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted in the following databases: MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL, in addition to a manual search on studies published on the patient, from inception until August, 2014. Observational studies assessing the prevalence of ocular abnormalities in children and adolescents with CHDs were included.

Results

Of the 2413 articles identified, eight were included, comprising a total of 1061 patients. Among them, the lowest and highest prevalences observed were 6.3 and 65%, respectively. The weighted average prevalence of ocular abnormalities was 32.5% (CI95% 19.3–49.3). Strabismus, cataracts, and retinopathy were the most frequently observed alterations.

Conclusion

The prevalence of ocular abnormalities in children and adolescents with CHDs was 32.5%, demonstrating that ocular consequences are not uncommon in this population and may have relevant clinical impact. These results reinforce the need for ophthalmological evaluation of patients with CHDs.

Keywords

Eye diseasesCHDsreviewmeta-analysis
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 26 , Issue 3 , March 2016 , pp. 477 - 484
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Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2015 

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