Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xfwgj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-17T13:50:14.387Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Spiders, bullies, monsters or terrorists: What scares Australian children?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 February 2016

Linda Gilmore
Affiliation:
QUT, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Qld 4059. Australia
Marilyn Campbell
Affiliation:
QUT, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Qld 4059. Australia

Abstract

In recent times, Australian children have been exposed to a range of frightening images of war and terrorism in the media. To determine the possible impact of such distal events, fears were measured in a sample of 220 children aged 6 to 12 years using the Fear Survey Schedule for Children (FSSC-R) as well as a free option method. On the FSSC-R, the type and intensity of children’s fears were similar to previous studies conducted over the past two decades, with being hit by a car, bombs and being unable to breathe producing the most fear. By contrast, spontaneous responses indicated that children’s greatest fears were of animals, the dark and being lost. Surprisingly few children mentioned war and terrorism without prompting. The findings suggest that concerns about Australian children becoming more fearful as a result of media coverage of war and terrorism are not supported.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ananova (2004) ‘Brits more scared of spiders than terrorists’, viewed 15 October 2004, http://www.ananova.com/news/story/sm_1135014.html.Google Scholar
Bauer, D.H. (1976) ‘An exploratory study of developmental changes in children’s fears’. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines. 17, 6974.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bcidel, D.C. & Turner, S.M. (1988) ‘Comorbidity of test anxiety and other anxiety disorders in children’, Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 16, 275287.Google Scholar
Burnham, J.J. (2006) ‘Comparing children’s fears in Alabama: An investigation using post-9/11 and post-invasion of Iraq data’, Alabama Counseling Association Journal, 32(1), 3242.Google Scholar
Campbell, M.A. & Rapee, R.M. (1994) ‘The nature of feared outcome representations in children’, Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 22, 99111.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campbell, M.A., Rapee, R.M., & Spence, S.H. (2001) ‘The nature of feared outcome representations in anxious and non-anxious children’, Australian Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 11, 8599.Google Scholar
Elbedour, S., Shulman, S. & Kedem, P. (1997) ‘Children’s fears: Cultural and developmental perspectives’, Behavior Research and Therapy, 35, 491496.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gullone, E. (2000) ‘The development of normal fear: A century of research’, Clinical Psychology Review, 20, 429451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gullone, E. & King, N.J. (1993) ‘The fear of youth in the 1990s: Contemporary normative data’, Journal of Genetic Psychology, 154, 137153.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hcnker, B., Whalen, C.K. & O’Neil, R. (1995) ‘Worldly and workaday worries: Contemporary concerns of children and young adolescents’, Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 23, 685702.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joshi, P.T. & O’Donnell, D.A. (2003) ‘Consequences of child exposure to war and terrorism’, Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 6, 275292.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
King, N.J., Oilier, K., lacuone, R., Schuster, S., Bays, K., Gullone, E. & Ollendick, T.H. (1989) ‘Fears of children and adolescents: Across-sectional Australian study using the Revised Fear Survey Schedule for Children’, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30, 775784.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lahikaine, A.R., Kirmanen, T., Kraav, I. & Taimalu, M. (2003) ‘Studying fears in young children: two interview methods’, Childhood, 10(1), 83104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Last, C.G., Francis, G. & Strauss, C.C. (1989) ‘Assessing fears in anxiety-disordered children with the Revised Fear Survey Schedule for Children (FSSC-R)’, Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 18, 137141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lenz, K. (1985) ‘The expressed fears of young children’, Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 16, 313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCathie, H. & Spence, S.H. (1991) ‘What is the Revised Fear Survey Schedule for Children actually measuring?’, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 29, 495502.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muris, P., Merckelbach, H. & Ollendick, T.H. (2002) ‘What is the Revised Fear Survey Schedule for Children measuring?’ Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40, 13171326.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Muris, P., Merckelbach, H. & Collaris, R. (1997) ‘Common childhood fears and their origins’, Behaviour Research and Therapy. 35. 929937.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ollendick, T.H. (1983) ‘Reliability and validity of the Revised Fear Survey Schedule for Children (FSSC-R)’, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 21, 685692.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ollendick, T., Matson, J.L. & Helsel, W.J. (1985) ‘Fears in children and adolescents: normative data’, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23, 465467.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ollendick, T.H., Yang, B., King, N.J., Dong, Q. & Akande, A. (1996) ‘Fears in American, Australian, Chinese, and Nigerian children and adolescents: A cross-cultural study’, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37, 213220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ollendick, T.H., Yule, W. & Oilier, K. (1991) ‘Fears in British children and their relationship to manifest anxiety and depression’, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 32, 321331.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ronen, T. (2002) ‘Difficulties in assessing traumatic reactions in children’, Journal of Loss and Trauma, 7, 87106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Royer, S. & Schmitt, K.L. (2002) ‘Hopes and fears of 6- to 11-year-olds’ in Greenberg, B.S. (Ed.), Communication and terrorism: Public and media responses to 9/11, pp. 209227, Cresskill. NJ: Hampton Press.Google Scholar
Scherer, M.W. & Nakamura, C.Y. (1968) ‘A Fear Survey Schedule for Children (FSS-FC): A factor analytic comparison with manifest anxiety (CMAS)’, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 6, 173182.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schuster, M.A., Stein, B.D., Jaycox, L.H., Collins, R.L., Marshall, G.N.. Elliot, M.N., et al. (2001) ‘A national survey of stress reactions after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks’, New England Journal of Medicine, 345, 15071512.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shaw, J.A. (2003) ‘Children exposed to war/terrorism’, Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 6, 237246.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Slee, P.T. & Cross, D.G. (1989) ‘Living in the nuclear age: An Australian study of children’s and adolescents’ fears’, Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 19, 270278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spence, S.H. & Kennedy, E. (1989) ‘Australian data for the Children’s Action Tendency Scale, the Children’s Depression Inventory and Fear Survey Schedule for Children-Revised’, Australian Educational & Developmental Psychologist, 6, 1621.Google Scholar
Spence, S.H. & McCathie, H. (1993) ‘The stability of fears in children: A two-year prospective study: A research note’. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 34, 579585.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weems, C.F., Silverman, W.K. & Saavedra, L.M. (1999) ‘The discrimination of children’s phobias using the Revised Fear Survey Schedule for ChildrenJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, 941952.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed