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The Effect of Acid and Heat Treatment on Montmorillonoids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

A. C. Mathers ,
S. B. Weed  and
N. T. Coleman
A. C. Mathers
Affiliation:
North Carolina State College, USA
S. B. Weed
Affiliation:
North Carolina State College, USA
N. T. Coleman
Affiliation:
North Carolina State College, USA
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Abstract

H-montmorillonite, -beidellite, and -nontronite were found to change spontaneously into Al-clays. Rates of conversion of H- to Al-clay were slow at 0°C, but at temperatures of around 100°C, moist H-montmorillonite changed to Al-saturated montmorillonite within 24 hours. It appeared that Al-ions moved from lattice positions to exchange positions, with octahedral Al moving more rapidly than tetrahedral Al.

Treatment of montmorillonoids with HCl solutions at 80°C resulted in the removal of large quantities of Fe, Mg, and Al. The residue after hot acid treatment appeared to be a mixture of essentially unaltered montmorillonoid and SiO2, rather than a new mineral.

On heat treatment, H- and Al-montmorillonites became largely non-expanding of 300°C, and lost the bulk of the CEC which could be attributed to permanent lattice charge, H- and Al-nontronite and -beidellite, on the other hand, did not suffer irreversible dehydration and loss of CEC until heated to sufficiently high temperatures to cause the expulsion of lattice OH. Montmorillonites with largely octahedral charge had smaller CEC’s after heating to 500°C than did montmorillonites with appreciable tetrahedral charge.

Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals (National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals) , Volume 3 , February 1954 , pp. 403 - 412
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 1954

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References

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