With the development of modern education, the psychological stress of young teachers in colleges and universities has been highly emphasized.

The research will start from three aspects: performance management system, human resource planning, and teacher career management in the human resource management system of universities. In response to the psychological pressure of teachers, five universities will be selected to analyze and study the current situation of human resource management in universities through a combination of survey questionnaires and interviews. The existing problems and reasons will be analyzed. Based on the analysis results, effective optimization plans will be proposed for the human resource management system in universities.

The results indicate that the main reasons for the psychological pressure of university teachers are the adherence to regulations in the human resource management system, the lack of quantitative accumulation of human resource data, and the neglect of teacher career management. Based on the analysis results, the study designed optimization plans from the aspects of human resource strategic planning system, salary and welfare management system, and teacher career management system. At the same time, the study also established relevant implementation guarantee measures based on the optimization plan to ensure the feasibility of the optimization plan for the human resource management system.

The study analyzes the relationship between human resource management system and teachers’ psychological pressure in colleges and universities, puts forward the optimization plan of the management system from three levels, and ensures the effective implementation of the optimization plan through the actual work, which is of certain practical reference significance.