Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-tn8tq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-19T21:08:54.908Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Frankfurt Cases and Alternate Deontic Categories

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 June 2023

Samuel Kahn*
Affiliation:
Department of Philosophy, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA

Abstract

In Harry Frankfurt’s seminal “Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility,” he advances an argument against the Principle of Alternate Possibilities: if an agent is responsible for performing some action, then she is able to do otherwise. However, almost all of the Frankfurt cases in this literature involve impermissible actions. In this article, I argue that the failure to consider other deontic categories exposes a deep problem, one that threatens either to upend much current moral theorizing or to upend the relevance of Frankfurt cases.

Résumé

Résumé

Dans son célèbre texte intitulé « Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility », Harry Frankfurt avance un argument contre le principe des possibilités alternatives : si un agent est responsable de l'exécution d'une action, alors il a pu faire autrement. Cependant, presque tous les cas de Frankfurt dans cette littérature impliquent des actions inadmissibles. Dans cet article, je soutiens que le fait de ne pas prendre en compte d’autres catégories déontiques expose un problème profond, qui menace soit de bouleverser une grande partie des théories morales actuelles, soit de bouleverser la pertinence des cas de Frankfurt.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Canadian Philosophical Association/Publié par Cambridge University Press au nom de l’Association canadienne de philosophie

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, R. (1999). Re-examining Frankfurt cases. Southern Journal of Philosophy, 37(3), 363376. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-6962.1999.tb00872.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baron, M. W. (1995). Kantian ethics almost without apology. Cornell University Press. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7591/j.ctv75d72mGoogle Scholar
Blumenfeld, D. (1971). The principle of alternate possibilities. Journal of Philosophy, 68(11), 339345. https://doi.org/10.2307/2024867CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Copp, D. (1997). Defending the principle of alternate possibilities. Noûs, 31(4), 441456. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2216167CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fischer, J. M. (1999). Recent work on moral responsibility. Ethics, 110(1), 93139. https://doi.org/10.1086/233206CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frankfurt, H. G. (1969). Alternate possibilities and moral responsibility. Journal of Philosophy, 66(23), 829839. https://doi.org/10.2307/2023833CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frankfurt, H. G. (1971). Freedom of the will and the concept of a person. Journal of Philosophy, 68(1), 520. https://doi.org/10.2307/2024717CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ginet, C. (1996). In defence of the principle of alternative possibilities. Philosophical Perspectives, 10, 403417. https://doi.org/10.2307/2216254Google Scholar
Heinaman, R. (1986). Incompatibilism without the principle of alternative possibilities. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 64(3), 266276. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048408612342481CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, P. M., & Warmke, B. (2017). Forgiveness. In Zalta, E. N. (Ed.), The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Summer 2017 ed.). Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/forgiveness/Google Scholar
Ichikawa, J. J., & Steup, M. (2018). The analysis of knowledge. In Zalta, E. N. (Ed.), The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Summer 2018 ed.). Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2018/entries/knowledge-analysis/Google Scholar
Kane, R. (1985). Free will and values. State University of New York Press. https://sunypress.edu/Books/F/Free-Will-and-Values2Google Scholar
Lamb, J. W. (1993). Evaluative compatibilism and the principle of alternate possibilities. Journal of Philosophy, 90(10), 517527. https://doi.org/10.2307/2941025CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy, N. (2014). Frankfurt in fake barn country. Metaphilosophy, 45(4–5), 529542. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24441753CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Locke, J. (1975). An essay concerning human understanding. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lyons, D. (1965). Forms and limits of utilitarianism. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McConnell, T. (2018). Moral dilemmas. In Zalta, E. N. (Ed.), The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Fall 2018 ed.). Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/moral-dilemmas/Google Scholar
McNamara, P. (2021). Deontic logic. In Zalta, E. N. (Ed.), The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Summer 2021 ed.). Stanford University. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/logic-deontic/Google Scholar
OED Online (2020, September). Obligation, n. Oxford University Press. www.oed.com/view/Entry/129688Google Scholar
OED Online (2020, September). Obligatory, adj. Oxford University Press. www.oed.com/view/Entry/129694Google Scholar
Otsuka, M. (1998). Incompatibilism and the avoidability of blame. Ethics, 108(4), 685701. https://doi.org/10.1086/233847CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pereboom, D. (2005). Defending hard incompatibilism. Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 29(1), 228247. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4975.2005.00114.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Inwagen, P. (1978). Ability and responsibility. Philosophical Review, 87(2), 201224. https://doi.org/10.2307/2184752CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Widerker, D. (1995). Libertarianism and Frankfurt’s attack on the principle of alternative possibilities. Philosophical Review, 104(2), 247261. https://doi.org/10.2307/2185979CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolf, S. (1980). Asymmetrical freedom. Journal of Philosophy, 77(3), 151166. https://doi.org/10.2307/2025667CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wyma, K. D. (1997). Moral responsibility and leeway for action. American Philosophical Quarterly, 34(1), 5770. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20009886Google Scholar