Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-skm99 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T10:59:34.865Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Bt-176 maize pollen on first instar larvae of the Peacock butterfly (Inachis io) (Lepidoptera; Nymphalidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 October 2010

Martin Felke ,
Gustav-Adolf Langenbruch ,
Simon Feiertag  and
Adane Kassa
Martin Felke*
Affiliation:
Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants – Julius Kühn Institute, Institute for Biological Control, Heinrichstrasse 243, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
Gustav-Adolf Langenbruch
Affiliation:
Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants – Julius Kühn Institute, Institute for Biological Control, Heinrichstrasse 243, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
Simon Feiertag
Affiliation:
Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants – Julius Kühn Institute, Institute for Biological Control, Heinrichstrasse 243, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
Adane Kassa
Affiliation:
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Plant Protection, 7250 NW 62nd Ave., P.O. Box 552, Johnston, IA 50131, USA
*
*Corresponding author: martin.felke@jki.bund.de

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

More than 10 years after registration of the first Bt maize cultivar in Europe, there still exists a remarkable lack of data on effects on Lepidoptera which would be necessary for a complete and comprehensive environmental risk assessment. So far only very few European butterfly species have been tested in this aspect. In our study the effect of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize pollen (event Bt-176) on the development and survival of neonate larvae of the Peacock butterfly, Inachis io (L.) was for the first time shown. The results of our study suggest that the Peacock butterfly may serve as a model organism for assessing potential side effects of new developed transgenic Bt crops on non-target butterflies in a GMO environmental risk assessment. The study was done under laboratory conditions by exposing larvae of the Peacock butterfly to various pollen doses of transgenic maize event Bt-176 (cv. PACTOL CB) or the conventional isogenic maize (cv. PACTOL) using a no-choice test. Larvae feeding for 48 h on nettle plants (Urtica dioica) that were contaminated with higher pollen concentrations from Bt-176 maize (205 and 388 applied pollen.cm-2) suffered a significantly higher mortality rate (68 and 85% respectively) compared to larvae feeding on leaves with no pollen (11%), or feeding on leaves with pollen from conventional maize (6 to 25%). At lower Bt maize pollen doses (23–104 applied pollen.cm-2), mortality ranged from 11–25% and there were no apparent differences among treatments. The corresponding LC50-and LC90-values for neonate larvae of the Peacock butterfly were 187 and 448 applied pollen grains.cm-2 of Bt-176, respectively. Weight of larvae surviving consumption of Bt-176 maize pollen declined between 10 and 81% with increased pollen doses (r =  −0.95). The highest weight reduction (81%) corresponded to the highest pollen concentration (388 pollen grains applied.cm-2). Ingestion of pollen from the conventional maize hybrid did not have negative effects on larval weight gain or survival rate.

Keywords

Peacock butterflyCry1Ab-toxintransgenic cropsBt-176environmental risk assessment
Type
Research Article
Information
Environmental Biosafety Research , Volume 9 , Issue 1 , January 2010 , pp. 5 - 12
Copyright
© ISBR, EDP Sciences, 2010

References

Abbott, WS (1925) A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Econ. Entomol. 18: 265–267 Google Scholar
Bagrintseva, VN, Borshch, TI, Shtain, SE, Chebykina, LA (2004) Dangerous pests of maize. Zashchita i Karantin Rastenii 5: 34 Google Scholar
Braun, R (2001) Why are Europeans scared of biotech food? Agro Food Industry Hi-Tech 12: 32–34 Google Scholar
Dale, PJ (1999) Public reactions and scientific responses to transgenic crops. Current Opinion in Biotechnology 10: 203–208 Google ScholarPubMed
Ebert G, Rennwald E (1991) Die Schmetterlinge Baden-Württembergs. Band 1: Tagfalter I. Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany
EC (2001) Directive 2001/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 March 2001 on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms and repealing Council Directive 90/220/EEC. Official Journal of the European Communities L 106: 1–39
EC (2003) Regulation (EC) 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 on genetically modified food and feed. Official Journal of the European Communities L 268: 1–23
EFSA (2006) Guidance document of the Scientific Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms for the risk assessment of genetically modified plants and derived food and feed. EFSA Journal 99: 1–100
Felke, M (2003) Massenzucht von Aglais urticae Linnaeus 1758 und Inachis io Linnaeus 1758 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) unter freilandnahen Bedingungen. Entomologische Zeitschrift 113: 211–213 Google Scholar
Felke, M, Langenbruch, GA (2001) Gefährdet Bt-Pollen Schmetterlinge? Gesunde Pflanzen 53: 24–28 Google Scholar
Felke, M, Langenbruch, GA (2003) Wirkung von Bt-Mais-Pollen auf Raupen des Tagpfauenauges im Laborversuch. Gesunde Pflanzen 55: 1–7 Google Scholar
Felke, M, Lorenz, N, Langenbruch, GA (2002) Laboratory studies on the effects of pollen from Bt-maize on larvae of some butterfly species. J. Appl. Ent. 126: 320–325 Google Scholar
Hansen Jesse, LC, Obrycki, JJ (2000) Field deposition of Bt transgenic corn pollen: lethal effects on the monarch butterfly. Oecologia 125: 241–248 Google ScholarPubMed
Hellmich RL, Siegfried BD, Sears MK, Stanley-Horn DE, Daniels MJ, Mattila HR, Spencer T, Bidne KG, Lewis LC (2001) Monarch larvae sensitivity to Bacillus thuringiensis-purified proteins and pollen. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98, pp 11925–11930
Ivezic, M, Raspudic, E (2004) Economic corn pests on the territory of eastern Croatia. Razprave – Razred za Naravoslovne Vede, Slovenska Akademija Znanosti in Umetnosti 45: 87–98 Google Scholar
James, C (1998) Global status and distribution of commercial transgenic crops in 1997. Biotechnol. Dev. Monit. 35: 9–12 Google Scholar
James, C (2003) Global review of commercialized transgenic crops. Current Science 84: 303–309 Google Scholar
James C (2008) Global Status of Commercialized Biotech/GM Crops: 2008. ISAAA Brief 39, ISAAA: Ithaca, NY
Korneck, D, Pretscher, P (2001) Bedeutung von Saumbiotopen für Flora und Fauna. Mitt. Biol. Bundesanst. Land-Forstwirtsch. 387: 48–56 Google Scholar
Koziel, MG, Carozzi, NB, Currier, TC, Warren, GW, Evola, SV (1993) The insecticidal crystal proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis: Past, present and future uses. Biotech. Genet. Engineer. Rev. 11: 171–228 Google Scholar
Krieg A, Langenbruch GA (1981) Susceptibility of Arthropod Species to Bacillus thuringiensis. In Burges D, ed, Microbial Control of Pests and Plant Diseases 1970–1980, Academic Press, London, pp 836–896
Lang, A, Otto, M (2010) A synthesis of laboratory and field studies on the effects of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize on non-target Lepidoptera. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 135: 121–134 Google Scholar
Lang, A, Vojtech, E (2006) The effects of pollen consumption of transgenic Bt maize on the common swallowtail, Papilio machaon L. (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae). Bas. Appl. Ecol. 7: 296–306 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lang, A, Ludy, C, Vojtech, E (2004) Dispersion and deposition of Bt maize pollen in field margins. Journal of plant diseases and protection 111: 417–428 Google Scholar
Lisowicz, F (2003) The occurrence, harmfulness and effectiveness of control of the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) in maize. Ochrona Roslin 47: 11–12 Google Scholar
Liu, B, Zeng, Q, Yan, FM, Xu, HG, Xu, CR (2005) Effects of transgenic plants on soil microorganisms. Plant Soil 271: 1–13 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Losey, JE, Rayor, LS, Carter, ME (1999) Transgenic pollen harms monarch larvae. Nature 399: 214 Google ScholarPubMed
Lumbierres, B, Albajes, R, Pons, X (2004) Transgenic Bt maize and Rhopalosiphum padi (Hom., Aphididae) performance. Ecol. Entomol. 29: 309–317 Google Scholar
Pilcher, CD, Rice, ME (1998) Management of European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and corn rootworms (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) with transgenic corn: A survey of farmer perceptions. American Entomologist 44: 36–44 Google Scholar
Pleasants JM, Hellmich RL, Dively GP, Sears MK, Stanley-Horn DE, Mattila HR, Foster JE, Clark P, Jones GD (2001) Corn pollen deposition on milkweeds in and near cornfields. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98, pp 11919–11924
Rice, ME, Ostlie, K (1997) European corn borer management in field corn: A survey of perceptions and practices in Iowa and Minnesota. Journal of production agriculture 10: 628–634 Google Scholar
SAS Institute (2003) SAS/STAT user’s guide, 4th edition. Cary, NC, SAS Institute
Sears MK, Stanley-Horn D (2000) Impact of Bt maize pollen on monarch butterfly populations. In Fairbairn C, Scoles G, McHughen A., eds, Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on the Biosafety of Genetically Modified Organisms, July 2000, Saskatoon, Canada, pp 120–130
Sears MK, Hellmich RL, Stanley-Horn DE, Oberhauser KS, Pleasants JM, Mattila HR, Siegfried BD, Dively GP (2001) Impact of Bt corn pollen on monarch butterfly populations: A risk assessment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98, pp 11937–11942
Settele J, Steiner R, Reinhardt R, Feldmann R (2005) Schmetterlinge – Die Tagfalter Deutschlands. Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart
Stanley-Horn DE, Dively GP, Hellmich RL, Mattila HR, Sears MK, Rose R, Jesse LCH, Losey JE, Obrycki JJ, Lewis L (2001) Assessing the impact of Cry1Ab-expressing corn pollen on monarch butterfly larvae in field studies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98, pp 11931–11936
Velasco, P, Revilla, P, Monetti, L, Butron, A, Ordas, A, Malvar, RA (2007) Corn borers (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae; Crambidae) in Northwestern Spain: Population dynamics and distribution. Maydica 52: 195–203 Google Scholar
Wolfenbarger, LL, Phifer, PR (2000) Biotechnology and ecology – The ecological risks and benefits of genetically engineered plants. Science 290: 2088–2093 Google Scholar
Wraight CL, Zangerl AR, Carroll MJ, Berenbaum MR (2000) Absence of toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis pollen to black swallowtails under field conditions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97, pp 7700–7703
Zangerl AR, McKenna D, Wraight CL, Carroll M, Ficarello P, Warner R, Berenbaum MR (2001) Effects of exposure to event 176 Bacillus thuringiensis corn pollen on monarch and black swallowtail caterpillars under field conditions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98, pp 11908–11912