Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-wq484 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-30T03:25:23.863Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Exposure to enteroviruses and hepatitis A virus among divers in environmental waters in France, first biological and serological survey of a controlled cohort

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2009

D. Garin ,
F. Fuchs ,
J. M. Crance ,
Y. Rouby ,
J. C. Chapalain ,
D. Lamarque ,
A. M. Gounot  and
M. Aymard
D. Garin
Affiliation:
Biologie Médicale (Dr Bartoli) Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Desgenettes, 108, Bd Pinel, 69275 Lyon Cedex 3France
F. Fuchs*
Affiliation:
Agence du Médicament, Unité de Virologie, 8, Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08France
J. M. Crance
Affiliation:
Unité de Biologie Moléculaire (Dr Deloince) Centre de Recherche du Service de Santé des Armées, 24 Av. des Maquis du Grésivaudan BP 87 38702 La Tronche CedexFrance
Y. Rouby
Affiliation:
Biologie Médicale (Dr Bartoli) Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Desgenettes, 108, Bd Pinel, 69275 Lyon Cedex 3France
J. C. Chapalain
Affiliation:
Biologie Médicale (Dr Bartoli) Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Desgenettes, 108, Bd Pinel, 69275 Lyon Cedex 3France
D. Lamarque
Affiliation:
Médecine des collectivités, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Robert Piqué, 33998 Bordeaux ArméesFrance
A. M. Gounot
Affiliation:
Université Claude Bernard, Bât. 405, 43 Bd 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne CedexFrance
M. Aymard
Affiliation:
Agence du Médicament, Unité de Virologie, 8, Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08France
*
*Reprints or correspondence: Florence Fuchs, Agence du Médicament. Direction des contrôles, 8, Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08 France.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

An epidemiological study of hepatitis A and enteroviruses was conducted in a military diving training school, by evaluating the viral contamination of water using an ultrafiltration concentration technique, and assessing seroconversion and the presence of virus in stool specimens obtained from 109 divers and 48 controls. Three of 29 water specimens were positive for enterovirus by cell culture and 9 by molecular hybridization. There was little or no risk of virus infection during the training course (49 h exposure) because there was no significant difference between divers and controls for both viral isolation and seroconversion. However, a higher percentage of coxsackievirus B4 and B5 seropositive divers suggests that these were more exposed during previous water training. No hepatitis A virus (HAV) detection and no seroconversion to HAV was observed. The rate of HAV seropositive subjects was 17% in this 24·5-year-old population

Type
Research Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 113 , Issue 3 , December 1994 , pp. 541 - 549
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

References

1.RR, Rueckert, Wimmer, E.Systematic nomenclature of picornavirus proteins. J Virol 1984; 50: 957–9.Google Scholar
2.Melnick, JL. Enteroviruses – polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses and newer entero-viruses. In: BN, Fields, DM, Knipe eds. Virology. New York: Raven Press, 1990: 549–605.Google Scholar
3.Kogon, A, Spigland, I, TE, Frothingham et al. The virus watch program: a continuing surveillance of viral infections in metropolitan New York families. VII. Observations on viral excretion, seroirnmunity, intrafamilinl spread and illness association in coxsackie and echovirus infections. Am J Epidemiol 1986; 89: 51–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.CV, Rao, TG, Metcalf, JL, Melnick. Human viruses in sediments, sludges and soils. Bull World Health Org 1986; 64: 1–14.Google Scholar
5.BH, Keswick, CP, Gerba, SM, Goyal. Occurrence of enteroviruses in community swimming pools. Am J Pub Hlth 1981; 71: 1026–30.Google Scholar
6.Hovi, T, Huovilainen, A, Kuronen, T et al. Outbreak of paralytic poliomyelitis in Finland – widespread circulation of antigenically altered poliovirus type 3 in a vaccinated population. Lancet 1986; ii: 1427–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Panà, A, Divizia, M, DeFilippis, P, DiNapoli, A. Isolation of hepatitis A virus from polluted river water on Frp/3 cells. Lancet 1987; ii: 1328.Google Scholar
8.HW, Lawson, MM, Braun, RIM, Glass et al. Waterborne outbreak of Norwalk virus gastroenteritis at a southwest US resort: role of geological formations in contamination of well water. Lancet 1991; 337: 1200–4.Google Scholar
9.TR, Deetz, EM, Smith, SM, Goyal et al. Occurrence of rota- and enteroviruses in drinking and environmental water in a developing nation. Water Res 1984; 18: 567–71.Google Scholar
10.DO, Cliver. Vehicular transmission of hepatitis. Pub Hlth Rev 1985; 13: 235–92.Google Scholar
11.SA, Ansari, VS, Springthorpe, SA, Sattar. Survival and vehicular spread of human rotaviruses: possible relation to seasonnlity of outbreaks. Rev Infect Dis 1990; 13: 448–61.Google Scholar
12.ML, Halliday, LY, Kang, TK, Zhou et al. An epidemic of hepatitis A attributable to the ingestion of raw clams in Shanghai, China. J Infect Dis 1991; 164: 852–9.Google Scholar
13.FJ, Mahoney, TA, Farley, KY, Kelso, SA, Wilson, JM, Horan, LM, McFarland. An outbreak of hepatitis A associated with swimming in a public pool. J Infect Dis 1992; 165: 613–18.Google Scholar
14.VJ, Cabelli, AP, Dufour, LJ, McCabe, MA, Levin. Swimming-associated gastroenteritis and water quality. Am J Epidemiol 1982; 115: 606–16.Google Scholar
15.DO, Cliver. Significance of water and environment in the transmission of virus disease. In: JL, Melnick ed. Enteric viruses in water. Monog Virol 1984; 15: 30–42.Google Scholar
16.Fewtrell, L, AF, Godfree, Jones, F, Kay, D, Salmon, R, MD, Wyer. Health effects of whitewater canoeing. Lancet 1992; 339: 1587–9.Google Scholar
17.Biziagos, E, Passagot, J, JM, Crance, Deloince, R. Hepatitis A virus concentration from experimentally contaminated distilled, tap, waste and seawater. Wat Sci Tech 1989; 21: 255–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Divizia, M, AL, Santi, Panà, A. Ultrafiltration: an efficient second step for hepatitis A virus and poliovirus concentration. J Virol Methods 1989; 23: 55–62.Google Scholar
19.Garin, D, Fuchs, F, JM, Crance, Deloince, R, Aymard, M, Bartoli, M. Validation of an ultrafiltration process to concentrate viruses from large volumes of water. Environ Technol 1993; 14: 397–400.Google Scholar
20.RH, Purcell, DC, Wong, Moritsugu, Y, JL, Dienstag, JA, Routenberg, JD, Boggs. A microtiter solid phase radio-immunoassay for hepatitis A antigen and antibody. J Immunol 1976; 116: 349–56.Google Scholar
21.TG, Metcalf, Jiang, X. Detection of hepatitis A virus in estuarine samples by gene probe assay. Microbiol Sci 1988; 5: 296–300.Google Scholar
22.JR, Tieehurst, SM, Feinstone, Chestnut, T, NC, Tassopoulos, Popper, H, RH, Purcell. Detection of hepatitis A virus by extraction of viral RNA and molecular hybridization. J Clin Microbiol 1987; 25: 1822–9.Google Scholar
23.Gerba, P, Margolin, B, Trumper, E. Enterovirus detection in water with gene probes. Z Gesamte Hyg 1988; 34: 518–19.Google ScholarPubMed
24.Fuchs, F, Lepare, I, Kopecka, H, Garin, D, Aymard, M. Use of cRNA digoxigenin-labelled probes for detection of enteroviruses in humans and in the environment. J Virol Methods 1993; 42: 217–20.Google Scholar
25.American Public Health Association. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association, 1976.Google Scholar
26.JL, Melnick, Rennick, V. Infectivity titers of enterovirus as found in human stools. J Med Virol 1980; 5: 205–20.Google Scholar
27.KA, Lim, Benyesh-Melnick, M. Typing of viruses by combinations of antiserum pools. Application to typing of enteroviruses (coxsackie and ECHO). J Immunol 1960; 84: 309–17.Google Scholar
28.Biziagos, E, Passagot, J, JM, Crance, Deloince, R. Long-term survival of hepatitis A virus and poliovirus type 1 in mineral water. App Environ Microbiol 1988; 54: 2705–10.Google Scholar
29.WM, Hunter, FC, Greenwood. Preparation of iodine-131 labeled human growth hormone of high specific activity. Nature 1962; 194: 495–6.Google Scholar
30.DD, Lenaway, Brockman, R. GJ, Dolan. Cruz-Uribe, F. An outbreak of an enterovirus-like illness at a community wading pool: implications for public health inspection programs. Am J Pub Hlth 1989; 79: 889–90.Google Scholar
31.Jones, F, Kay, D, Stanwell-Smith, R, MD, Wyer. Results of the first pilot-scale controlled cohort epidemiological investigation into the possible health effects of bathing in seawater at Langland Bay, Swansea. J lnst Water Environ Management 1990; 5: 91–8.Google Scholar
32.Joussemet, M, Bourin, P, Deloince, R. Fabre, G, Buisson, Y. Evolution du taux de prévalence des anticorps anti VHA chez les jeunes recrues. Méd Armées 1991; 19: 579–83.Google Scholar
33.RE, Hawkins, JD, Malone, LA, Cloninger et al. Risk of viral hepatitis among military personnel assigned to US Navy ships. J Infect Dis 1992; 165: 716–19.Google Scholar
34.Flehmig, B, Heinriey, U, Pfisterer, M. Immunogenicity of a killed hepatitis A vaccine in seronegative volunteers. Lancet 1989; i: 1039–41.Google Scholar