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New insights into the early evolution of horizontal spiral trace fossils and the age of the Brioverian series (Ediacaran–Cambrian) in Brittany, NW France

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 January 2021

Romain Gougeon Open the ORCID record for Romain Gougeon [Opens in a new window] ,
Didier Néraudeau ,
Alfredo Loi  and
Marc Poujol Open the ORCID record for Marc Poujol [Opens in a new window]
Romain Gougeon*
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada Université de Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes - UMR 6118, F-35000Rennes, France
Didier Néraudeau
Affiliation:
Université de Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes - UMR 6118, F-35000Rennes, France
Alfredo Loi
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042Monserrato, Italy
Marc Poujol
Affiliation:
Université de Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes - UMR 6118, F-35000Rennes, France
*
Author for correspondence: Romain Gougeon, Email: gougeon.romain@gmail.com
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Abstract

In northwestern France, the Brioverian series is a thick siliciclastic succession deposited during the Cadomian cycle (c. 750–540 Ma). In the uppermost Brioverian beds, previous studies unravelled an assemblage dominated by simple horizontal trace fossils associated with microbially stabilized surfaces. Here, we report Spirodesmos trace fossils – one-way, irregular and regular horizontal spirals – from Crozon (Finistère, Brittany), Montfort-sur-Meu and St-Gonlay (Ille-et-Vilaine, Brittany). After reviewing the literature on horizontal spiral trace fossils, an Ediacaran–Fortunian Spirodesmos pool is identified from marginal-marine to shelf settings, while an Ordovician–Recent trend formed in the deep-marine realm. These results suggest that an onshore–offshore migration in Spirodesmos took place during Ediacaran–Fortunian to Ordovician time, similar to what happened in graphoglyptids. In addition, the age of the uppermost Brioverian beds (Ediacaran or early Cambrian) is still a pending question. Here, we report two new U–Pb detrital zircon datings from sandstone samples in St-Gonlay, giving maximum deposition ages of 551 ± 7 Ma and 540 ± 5 Ma. Although these results do not discard an Ediacaran age for the uppermost Brioverian beds, a Fortunian age is envisioned because the new dating corroborates previous dating from Brittany, Mayenne and Normandy. However, the intervals of error of the radiometric dating, and the dominance of non-penetrative trace fossils associated with matgrounds (an ecology more typical of the Ediacaran Period), do not allow definitive conclusions on the age of the uppermost Brioverian beds.

Keywords

Ediacaran–FortunianichnologyplanispiralSpirodesmosU–Pb dating
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 159 , Special Issue 7: THEMATIC ISSUE: The Ediacaran System and the Ediacaran-Cambrian Transition , July 2022 , pp. 1284 - 1294
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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