A Point of economic importance, as well as scientific interest, has been brought out by a study of the occurrences of hæmatite in the Furness district of Lancashire and the neighbouring shores of the River Duddon in the Millom district of Cumberland; namely, that the origin and distribution of the ore-bodies, known as “sops”, is due, in large measure, to the physiographical conditions that existed in this area in post-Carboniferous but pre-New Red times. Future explorations for these profitable ore-bodies may be guided by a true appreciation of the conditions of formation, which are discussed, in somewhat scattered form, in the recently published Geological Survey Memoir on the “Hæmatites of West Cumberland, Lancashire, and the Lake District”.