^{page 560 note 1} Trans. vol. xvii. 1886, pp. 20–34.Google Scholar

^{page 561 note 1} Much information as to the constitution of coal and its varieties is given in Roland and Richardson's Chemical Technology.

^{page 562 note 1} Geikie, , “Textbook,” etc., 2nd edit., 1885, p. 273.Google Scholar

^{page 563 note 1} De La Beche, , “Memoirs Geol. Survey,” vol. i. pp. 185, 186.Google Scholar

^{page 564 note 1} Dawson, , Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xv. 1859, pp. 627, etc.Google Scholar

^{page 565 note 1} A great predominance of ferns and lycopods indicates moisture, equability of temperature, and freedom from frost, rather than intense heat (Lyell).

^{page 565 note 2} Geol. Mag. 1865, and Trans. Geol. Soc. Glasgow, 1882.

^{page 566 note 1} Journ. Eoy. Microsc. Soc. ser. 2, vol. v. 1885, pp. 406–420.Google Scholar

^{page 566 note 2} Report of the Fishery Board, 1890.

^{page 566 note 3} Balfour, , “Palæontological Botany,” 1872, p. 67.Google Scholar

^{page 566 note 4} Geology, vol. ii. 1888, pp. 117–120.Google Scholar

^{page 566 note 5} Proceed. Royal Phys. Soc, Edinburgh, vol. ix. 1886, pp. 82–117.Google Scholar

^{page 566 note 6} ‘Manual of Coal,’ etc., 1856.

^{page 566 note 7} In examining microscopically the ultimate particles of some shales and underclays, Mr. W. M. Hutchings has discovered that these are composed of a ‘micaceous deposit,’ in which there is some fragmental mica, but that the mass appears to consist mainly of minute, rutiliferous, mica-like flakes, regarded by him as of secondary origin, made from the original components of the stratum (Geol. Mag. 1890 and 1891). Mr. Hutchings kindly informs me that, of the numerous fireclays which he has examined, several are being used for brick-making (Letter, May 20, 1891).

^{page 567 note 1} De la Beche, , Mem. Geol. Survey, vol. i. pp. 173 and 177.Google Scholar

^{page 567 note 2} Logan, De la Beche, Buddie, and others.

^{page 567 note 3} Dawson, , Q.J.G.S. vol. x. p. 46.Google Scholar

^{page 567 note 4} A useful compendium of our knowledge of coal-plants in 1863, by Professor John Morris, was published in the Proceedings Geol. Assoc. of that date.

^{page 567 note 5} Mém. présentés, etc., Acad. Sciences, etc., France, vol. xxiv. No. 1, 1877Google Scholar; and Annales des Mines, sér. 8, Mémoires, vol. i. 1882, p. 161.Google Scholar

^{page 567 note 6} Carruthers, , Geol. Mag. 1870, p. 215.Google Scholar

^{page 568 note 1} “Palæont. Botany,” pp. 70, 71.

^{page 568 note 2} Iron-Ores South Wales, pp. 226, 227.Google Scholar

^{page 568 note 3} Salter, , Q.J.G.S. vol. xix. 1863, p. 80.Google Scholar

^{page 568 note 4} Acadian Geol., 1868, pp. 201–203.Google Scholar

^{page 569 note 1} Geol. Mag. Vol. II. pp. 6, 8, Plates I. and II.Google Scholar

^{page 569 note 2} Mem. Geol. Surv., vol. i. pp. 213–214.Google Scholar

^{page 569 note 3} Report Royal Commission Coal-Supply, 1871;Google Scholar Anniv. Address Geol. Soc., 1872; Popular Science Review, 07, 1872Google Scholar; and Proceed. Instit. Civil Engineers, vol. xxxvii. 1874, p. 110, etc., plates viii. and ix.Google Scholar

^{page 570 note 1} Geol. Mag. November, 1890Google Scholar.

^{page 570 note 2} See also “Contemporary Review,” April, 1890Google Scholar; and his “Lecture to the Royal Institution,” June 6, 1890Google Scholar.

^{page 570 note 3} “Report of Proceed. General Meeting of the South Eastern Railway Company,” July 23, 1891, p. 10Google Scholar; and “Financial News,” July 24, 1891Google Scholar.

^{page 570 note 4} “Proceed. Instit. Civil Engineers,” vol. xxxvii. 1874, pp. 16 and 26 of the separate paperGoogle Scholar.