Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-vvkck Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T08:45:48.971Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Revisiting the tectonic evolution of the Triassic Palaeo-Tethys convergence zone in northern Thailand inferred from detrital zircon U–Pb ages

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 September 2020

Hidetoshi Hara Open the ORCID record for Hidetoshi Hara [Opens in a new window] ,
Tetsuya Tokiwa ,
Toshiyuki Kurihara ,
Thasinee Charoentitirat  and
Apsorn Sardsud
Hidetoshi Hara*
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Japan, AIST, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8567, Japan
Tetsuya Tokiwa
Affiliation:
Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano390-8621, Japan
Toshiyuki Kurihara
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata950-2181, Japan
Thasinee Charoentitirat
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Apsorn Sardsud
Affiliation:
Department of Mineral Resources, Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok10400, Thailand
*
Author for correspondence: Hidetoshi Hara, E-mail: hara-hide@aist.go.jp
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Detrital zircon U–Pb ages for sediments in and around the Palaeo-Tethyan convergence zone in northern Thailand provide constraints for tectonic interpretations of the Indochina Block, the Sibumasu Block, the Inthanon Zone accretionary complex and the Nan Back-arc Basin during the Triassic. In sedimentary rocks of the Indochina Block, almost all of the Palaeozoic and Triassic zircons were sourced from the collision zone between the Indochina and South China blocks, and an active continental margin in the western Indochina Block. Sediments of the Sibumasu Block were supplied by erosion of Archaean basement and from the Grenville and the Pan African orogenies, but show no record of Permian to Triassic igneous activity. Accretionary complex sediments have provenances of both the Sukhothai Arc and the Indochina and South China blocks, with detrital zircons of various ages being supplied from crustal uplift and erosion related to the Indosinian I orogeny. Sedimentary rocks of the Nan Back-arc Basin are widely distributed not only in the Nan–Uttaradit but also in northern Sukhothai areas. The origin of the Pha Som Metamorphic Complex and associated formations can be traced to basin-filling sediments in the Nan Back-arc Basin. These detrital zircon U–Pb ages have also allowed identification of the changing tectonic setting in the Palaeo-Tethys convergence zone from the ‘erosion of Proterozoic continental basement’ to ‘Palaeozoic active continental margin in the western Indochina Block’ and ‘Palaeozoic, Permian to Triassic collision zone between the South China and Indochina blocks’ through to ‘Triassic active Sukhothai Arc’.

Keywords

detrital zirconPalaeo-TethysSibumasu BlockIndochina Blockaccretionary complexforearc basinback-arc basin
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 158 , Issue 5 , May 2021 , pp. 905 - 929
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aitchison, JC, Xia, X, Baxter, AT and Ali, JR (2011) Detrital zircon U–Pb ages along the Yarlung–Tsangpo suture zone, Tibet: implications for oblique convergence and collision between India and Asia. Gondwana Research 20, 691–709.Google Scholar
Arboit, F, Collins, AS, Morley, CK, Jourdan, F, King, R, Foden, J and Amrouch, K (2016a) Geochronological and geochemical studies of mafic and intermediate dykes from the Khao Khwang Fold–Thrust Belt: implications for petrogenesis and tectonic evolution. Gondwana Research 36, 124–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arboit, F, Collins, AS, Morley, CK, King, R and Amrouch, K (2016b) Detrital zircon analysis of the southwest Indochina terrane, central Thailand: unravelling the Indosinian orogeny. Geological Society of America Bulletin 128, 1024–43.Google Scholar
Barber, AJ, Ridd, MF and Crow, MJ (2011) The origin, movement and assembly of the pre-Tertiary tectonic units of Thailand. In The Geology of Thailand (eds Ridd, MF, Barber, AJ and Crow, MJ), pp. 507–37. London: Geological Society.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barr, SM and Charusiri, P (2011) Volcanic rocks. In The Geology of Thailand (eds Ridd, MF, Barber, AJ and Crow, MJ), pp. 415–39. London: Geological Society.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barr, SM and Macdonald, AS (1987) Nan River suture zone, northern Thailand. Geology 15, 907–10.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barr, SM and Macdonald, AS (1991) Toward a late Paleozoic–early Mesozoic tectonic model for Thailand. Journal of Thai Geoscience 1, 11–22.Google Scholar
Barr, SM, Macdonald, AS, Dunning, GR, Ounchanum, P and Yaowanoiyothin, W (2000) Petrochemistry, U–Pb (zircon) age, and palaeotectonic setting of the Lampang volcanic belt, northern Thailand. Journal of the Geological Society, London 157, 553–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barr, SM, Macdonald, AS, Ounchanum, P and Hamilton, MA (2006) Age, tectonic setting and regional implications of the Chiang Khong volcanic suite, northern Thailand. Journal of the Geological Society, London 163, 1037–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhatia, MR and Crook, KAW (1986) Trace element characteristics of graywackes and tectonic setting discrimination of sedimentary basins. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 92, 181–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Booth, J and Sattayarak, N (2011) Subsurface Carboniferous–Cretaceous geology of NE Thailand. In The Geology of Thailand (eds Ridd, MF, Barber, AJ and Crow, MJ), pp. 185–222. London: Geological Society.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bunopas, S (1981) Paleogeographic History of Western Thailand and Adjacent Parts of South-East Asia. Geological Survey Paper 5. Bangkok: Department of Mineral Resources.Google Scholar
Burrett, C, Zaw, K, Meffer, S, Lai, CK, Khositanont, S, Chaodumrong, P, Udchachon, M, Ekins, S and Halpin, J (2014) The configuration of Greater Gondwana: evidence from LA ICPMS, U–Pb geochronology of detrital zircons from the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic of Southeast Asia and China. Gondwana Research 26, 31–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cai, F, Ding, L, Yao, W, Laskowski, AK, Xu, Q, Zhang, J and Sein, K (2017) Provenance and tectonic evolution of Lower Paleozoic–Upper Mesozoic strata from Sibumasu terrane, Myanmar. Gondwana Research 41, 325–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caridroit, M, Vachard, D and Fontaine, H (1992) Radiolarian age dating (Carboniferous, Permian and Triassic) in NW Thailand: evidence of nappes and olistostromes. Comptes Rendus de l’Acadéemie des Sciences, Paris 315, 515–20.Google Scholar
Carter, A and Clift, PD (2008) Was the Indosinian orogeny a Triassic mountain building or a thermotectonic reactivation event? Comptes Rendus Geoscience 340, 83–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cawood, PA, Hawkesworth, CJ and Dhuime, B (2012) Detrital zircon record and tectonic setting. Geology 40, 875–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chaodumrong, P and Burrett, CF (1997) Stratigraphy of the Lampang Group in central north Thailand: new version. CCOP Technical Bulletin 26, 65–80.Google Scholar
Chonglakmani, C (2011) Triassic. In The Geology of Thailand (eds Ridd, MF, Barber, AJ and Crow, MJ), pp. 137–50. London: Geological Society.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Condie, KC (1993) Chemical composition and evolution of the upper continental crust: contrasting results from surface samples and shales. Chemical Geology 104, 1–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeCelles, PG, Gehrels, GE, Najman, Y, Martin, AJ, Carter, A and Garzanti, E (2004) Detrital geochronology and geochemistry of Cretaceous–Early Miocene strata of Nepal: implications for timing and diachroneity of initial Himalayan orogenesis. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 227, 313–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Department of Mineral Resources (1999) Geological Map of Thailand. Scale 1:1,000,000. Bangkok: Department of Mineral Resources.Google Scholar
Dew, REC, Collins, AS, Glorie, S, Morley, CK, Blades, ML, Nachtergaele, S, King, R, Foden, J, De Grave, J, Kanjanapayont, P, Evans, NJ, Alessio, BL and Charusiri, P. (2018) Probing into Thailand’s basement: new insights from U–Pb geochronology, Sr, Sm–Nd, Pb and Lu–Hf isotopic systems from granitoids. Lithos 320–321, 332–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dew, R, Morley, CK, Myint, TA and Collins, A. (2019) Age and provenance of the Chang Magyi Group, Yeywa Dome, Myanmar, based on U–Pb dating of detrital zircons. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 184, 103967.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dickinson, WR, Beard, LS, Brakenridge, GR, Erjavec, JL, Ferguson, RC, Inman, KF, Knepp, RA, Lindberg, FA and Ryberg, PT (1983) Provenance of North American Phanerozoic sandstones in relation to tectonic setting. Geological Society of America Bulletin 94, 222–35.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dickinson, WR and Gehrels, GE (2009) Use of U–Pb ages of detrital zircons to infer maximum depositional ages of strata: a test against a Colorado Plateau Mesozoic database. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 288, 115–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fanka, A, Tsunogae, T, Daorerk, V, Tsutsumi, Y, Takamura, Y, Endo, T and Sutthirat, C (2016) Petrochemistry and mineral chemistry of Late Permian hornblendite and hornblende gabbro from the Wang Nam Khiao area, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand: indication of Palaeo-Tethyan subduction. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 129, 18–97.Google Scholar
Fanka, A, Tsunogae, T, Daorerk, V, Tsutsumi, Y, Takamura, Y and Sutthirat, C (2018) Petrochemistry and zircon U–Pb geochronology of granitic rocks in the Wang Nam Khiao area, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand: implications for petrogenesis and tectonic setting. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 157, 92–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faure, M, Nguyen, VV, Hoai, LTT and Lepvrier, C (2018) Early Paleozoic or Early–Middle Triassic collision between the South China and Indochina Blocks: the controversy resolved? Structural insights from the Kon Tum massif (Central Vietnam). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 166, 162–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Festa, A, Dilek, Y, Pini, GA, Codegone, G and Ogata, K (2012) Mechanisms and processes of stratal disruption and mixing in the development of mélanges and broken formations: redefining and classifying mélanges. Tectonophysics 568–569, 7–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Festa, A, Pini, GA, Ogata, K and Dilek, Y (2019) Diagnostic features and field-criteria in recognition of tectonic, sedimentary and diapiric mélanges in orogenic belts and exhumed subduction-accretion complexes. Gondwana Research 74, 7–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gardiner, NJ, Searle, MP, Morley, CK, Whitehouse, MP, Spencer, CJ and Robb, LJ (2016) The closure of Palaeo-Tethys in Eastern Myanmar and Northern Thailand: new insights from zircon U–Pb and Hf isotope data. Gondwana Research 39, 401–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hada, S, Bunopas, S, Ishii, K and Yoshikura, S (1999) Rift-drift history and the amalgamation of Shan–Tai and Indochina/East Malaya Blocks. In Gondwana Dispersion and Asian Accretion (ed. Metcalfe, I), pp. 67–87. Rotterdam: AA Balkema.Google Scholar
Hara, H, Ito, T, Tokiwa, T, Kong, S and Lim, P (2020) The origin of the Pailin Crystalline Complex in western Cambodia, and back-arc basin development in the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. Gondwana Research 82, 299–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hara, H, Kon, Y, Usuki, T, Lan, CY, Kamata, Y, Hisada, K, Ueno, K, Charoentitirat, T and Charusiri, P (2013) U–Pb ages of detrital zircons within the Inthanon Zone of the Paleo-Tethyan subduction zone, northern Thailand: new constraints on accretionary age and arc activity. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 74, 50–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hara, H, Kunii, M, Hisada, K, Ueno, K, Kamata, Y, Srichan, W, Charusiri, P, Charoentitirat, T, Watarai, M, Adachi, Y and Kurihara, T (2012) Petrography and geochemistry of clastic rocks within the Inthanon zone, northern Thailand: implications for Paleo-Tethys subduction and convergence. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 61, 2–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hara, H, Kunii, M, Miyake, Y, Hisada, K, Kamata, Y, Ueno, K, Kon, Y, Kurihara, T, Ueda, H, Assavapatchara, S, Treerotchananon, A, Charoentitirat, T and Charusiri, P (2017) Sandstone provenance and U–Pb ages of detrital zircons from Permian–Triassic forearc sediments within the Sukhothai Arc, northern Thailand: record of volcanic arc evolution in response to Paleo-Tethys subduction. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 146, 30–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hara, H, Kurihara, T, Kuroda, J, Adachi, Y, Kurita, H, Wakita, K, Hisada, K, Charusiri, P, Charoentitirat, T and Chaodumrong, P (2010) Geological and geochemical aspects of a Devonian siliceous succession in northern Thailand: implications for the opening of the Paleo-Tethys. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 297, 452–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hara, H, Tokiwa, T, Kurihara, T, Charoentitirat, T, Ngamnithiporn, A, Visetnat, K, Tominaga, K, Kamata, Y and Ueno, K (2018) Permian–Triassic back-arc basin development in response to Paleo-Tethys subduction, Sa Kaeo–Chanthaburi area in Southeastern Thailand. Gondwana Research 64, 50–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hara, H, Wakita, K, Ueno, K, Kamata, Y, Hisada, K, Charusiri, P, Charoentitirat, T and Chaodumrong, P (2009) Nature of accretion related to Paleo-Tethys subduction recorded in northern Thailand: constraints from mélange kinematics and illite crystallinity. Gondwana Research 16, 310–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hisada, K, Sugiyama, M, Ueno, K, Charusiri, P and Arai, S (2004) Missing ophiolitic rocks along the Mae Yuam Fault as the Gondwana/Tethys divide in northwest Thailand. Island Arc 13, 119–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, L, Cawood, PA, Du, Y, Xu, Y, Wang, C, Wang, Z, Ma, Q and Hu, X (2017) Permo–Triassic detrital records of South China and implications for the Indosinian events in East Asia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 485, 84–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hutchison, CS (1975) Ophiolite in Southeast Asia. Geological Society of America Bulletin 86, 797–806.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamata, Y, Hara, H, Ueno, K, Sardsud, A, Charoentitirat, T, Charusiri, P and Hisada, K (2012) Middle and late Permian radiolarians from chert allochthonous blocks within siliciclastic matrix in Inthanon Zone, northern Thailand: a restriction on formation age of mélange fabric related to the Paleo-Tethys subduction. Acta Geoscientica Sinica 33, 36–7.Google Scholar
Kamata, Y, Sashida, K, Ueno, K, Hisada, K, Nakornsri, N and Charusiri, P (2002) Triassic radiolarian faunas from the Mae Sariang area, northern Thailand and their paleogeographic significance. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 20, 491–506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamata, Y, Ueno, K, Hara, H, Ichise, M, Charoentitirat, T, Charusiri, P, Sardsud, A and Hisada, K (2009) Classification of the Sibumasu and Paleotethys tectonic division in Thailand using chert lithofacies. Island Arc 18, 21–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamata, Y, Ueno, K, Miyahigashi, A, Hara, H, Hisada, K, Charoentitirat, T and Charusiri, P (2016) Geological significance of the discovery of Middle Triassic (Ladinian) radiolarians from the Hong Hoi Formation of the Lampang Group, Sukhothai Zone, northern Thailand. Revue de Micropaléontologie 59, 347–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamvong, T, Zaw, K, Meffre, S, Maas, R, Stein, H and Lai, CK (2014) Adakites in the Truong Son and Loei fold belts, Thailand and Laos: genesis and implications for geodynamics and metallogeny. Gondwana Research 26, 165–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kanjanapayont, P, Klötzli, U and Frank, N (2020) Dating multiple generation of zircons from granites and gneiss from Thailand: implication for the crustal evolution of the Sibumasu terrane. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 190, 104148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khaowiset, K and Chanfoo, N (2009) Geological Map of Changwat Phetchabun. Scale 1:250,000. Bangkok: Department of Mineral Resources.Google Scholar
Kohn, MJ, Paul, SK and Corrie, SL (2009) The lower Lesser Himalayan sequence: a Paleoproterozoic arc on the northern margin of the Indian plate. Geological Society of America Bulletin 122, 323–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kouchi, Y, Orihashi, Y, Obara, H, Fujimoto, T, Haruta, Y and Yamamoto, K (2015) Zircon U–Pb dating by 213 nm Nd:YAG laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: optimization of the analytical condition to use NIST SRM 610 for Pb/U fractionation correction. Chikyukagaku (Geochemistry) 49, 1–17 (in Japanese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Lin, YL, Yeh, MW, Lee, TY, Chung, SL, Iizuka, Y and Charusiri, P (2013) First evidence of the Cambrian basement in Upper Peninsula of Thailand and its implication for crustal and tectonic evolution of the Sibumasu terrane. Gondwana Research 24, 1031–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, H, Bi, M, Guo, X, Zhou, Y and Wang, Y (2019) Petrogenesis of Late Silurian volcanism in SW Yunnan (China) and implications for the tectonic reconstruction of northern Gondwana. International Geology Review 61, 1297–312.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, J, Wang, Q, Deng, J, Li, C, Li, G and Ripley, EM (2020) 280–310 Ma rift-related basaltic magmatism in northern Baoshan, SW China: implications for Gondwana reconstruction and mineral exploration. Gondwana Research 77, 1–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Long, Y, Zhang, D, Huang, D, Yang, X, Chen, S and Bayless, RC (2019) Age, composition and tectonic implications of late Ordovician–early Silurian igneous rocks of the Loei Volcanic Belt, NW Laos. International Geology Review 61, 1940–56.Google Scholar
Ludwig, KR (2012) User’s Manual for Isoplot 3.75. Special Publication. no. 5. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Geochronology Center.Google Scholar
Macdonald, AS and Barr, SM (1984) The Nan River mafic-ultramafic belt, northern Thailand: geochemistry and tectonic significance. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin 17, 209–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mangkhemthong, N, Morley, CK and Srichan, W (2019) Structure of the Mae On Depression, Chiang Mai province, based on gravity modelling constrained by surface geology: implications for tectonic development of Chiang Mai–Chiang Rai Suture Zone, Northern Thailand. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 109, 104186. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2019.104186.Google Scholar
Matsuda, T and Isozaki, Y (1991) Well-documented travel history of Mesozoic pelagic chert in Japan: from remote ocean to subduction zone. Tectonics 10, 475–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Metcalfe, I (2002) Permian tectonic framework and palaeogeography of SE Asia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 20, 551–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Metcalfe, I (2006) Palaeozoic and Mesozoic tectonic evolution and palaeogeography of East Asian crustal fragments: the Korean Peninsula in context. Gondwana Research 9, 24–46.Google Scholar
Metcalfe, I (2013) Gondwana dispersion and Asian accretion: tectonic and palaeogeographic evolution of eastern Tethys. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 66, 1–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Metcalfe, I, Henderson, CM and Wakita, K (2017) Lower Permian conodonts from Palaeo-Tethys ocean plate stratigraphy in the Chiang Mai–Chiang Rai Suture Zone, northern Thailand. Gondwana Research 44, 54–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minezaki, T, Hisada, K, Hara, H and Kamata, Y (2019) Tectono-stratigraphy of Late Carboniferous to Triassic successions of the Khorat Plateau Basin, Indochina Block, northeastern Thailand: initiation of the Indosinian Orogeny by collision of the Indochina and South China blocks. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 170, 208–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minh, NT, Dung, NT, Hung, DD, Minh, P, Yu, Y and Hieu, PT (2020) Zircon U–Pb ages, geochemistry and isotopic characteristics of the Chu Lai granitic pluton in the Kontum massif, central Vietnam. Mineralogy and Petrology 114, 289–303. doi: 10.1007/s00710-020-00707-x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moonpa, K and Motanated, K (2018) Basin classification and tectonic framework of the Nam Pat Group, Uttaradit Province, Thailand: implications for the Nan Suture Zone. Heliyon 4, e00517.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morley, CK (2018) Understanding Sibumasu in the context of ribbon continents. Gondwana Research 64, 184–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myrow, PM, Hughes, NC, Goodge, JW, Fanning, MF, Williams, IS, Peng, S, Bhargava, ON, Parcha, SK and Pogue, KR (2010) Extraordinary transport and mixing of sediment across Himalayan central Gondwana during the Cambrian–Ordovician. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 122, 1660–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakano, N, Osanai, Y, Owada, M, Nam, TN, Charusiri, P and Khamphavong, K (2013) Tectonic evolution of high-grade metamorphic terranes in central Vietnam: constraints from large-scale monazite geochronology. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 73, 520–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nguyen, QM, Feng, Q, Zi, JW, Zhao, T, Tran, HT, Ngo, TX, Tran, DM and Nguyen, HQ (2019) Cambrian intra-oceanic arc trondhjemite and tonalite in the Tam Ky–Phuoc Son Suture Zone, central Vietnam: implications for the early Paleozoic assembly of the Indochina Block. Gondwana Research 70, 151–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Orihashi, Y, Nakai, S and Hirata, T (2008) U–Pb age determination for seven standard zircons using inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry coupled with frequency quintupled Nd-YAG (λ = 213 nm) laser ablation system: comparison with LA–ICP–MS zircon analyses with a NIST glass reference material. Resource Geology 58, 101–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Phajuy, B, Panjasawatwong, Y and Osataporn, P (2005) Preliminary geochemical study of volcanic rocks in the Pang Mayao area, Phrao, Chiang Mai, northern Thailand: tectonic setting of formation. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 24, 765–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qian, X, Feng, Q, Chonglakmani, C and Monji, D (2013) Geochemical and geochronological constrains on the Chiang Khong volcanic rocks (northwestern Thailand) and its tectonic implications. Frontiers Earth Science 74, 508–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qian, X, Feng, Q, Wang, Y, Yang, W, Chonglakmani, C and Monji, D (2016a) Petrochemistry and tectonic setting of the Middle Triassic arc-like volcanic rocks in the Sayabouli area, NW Laos. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 27, 365–77.Google Scholar
Qian, X, Feng, Q, Yang, W, Wang, Y, Chonglakmani, C and Monji, D (2015) Arc-like volcanic rocks in NW Laos: geochronological and geochemical constraints and their tectonic implications. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 98, 342–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qian, X, Wang, Y, Feng, Q, Zi, JW, Zhang, Y and Chonglakmani, C (2016b) Petrogenesis and tectonic implication of the Late Triassic post-collisional volcanic rocks in Chiang Khong, NW Thailand. Lithos 248–251, 418–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qian, X, Wang, Y, Feng, Q, Zi, JW, Zhang, Y and Chonglakmani, C (2016c) Zircon U–Pb geochronology, and elemental and Sr–Nd–Hf–O isotopic geochemistry of post-collisional rhyolite in the Chiang Khong area, NW Thailand and implications for the melting of juvenile crust. International Journal of Earth Sciences 106, 1375–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qian, X, Wang, Y, Srithai, B, Feng, Q, Zhang, Y, Zi, JW and He, H (2017) Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the intermediate-acid volcanic rocks along the Chiang Khong–Lampang–Tak igneous zone in NW Thailand and their tectonic implications. Gondwana Research 45, 87–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saengsrichan, W, Wongprayoon, T and Charusiri, P (2008) Nan–Uttaradit Suture: a new evidence from Den Chai–Uttaradit–Si Satchnalai area, northern Thailand. In Proceedings of the International Symposia on Geoscience Resources and Environments of Asia Terrane (GREAT2008), 4th IGCP516 and 5th APJEG (eds Choowong, M and Thitimakorn, T), pp. 89–91. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University.Google Scholar
Saesaengseerung, D, Agematsu, S, Sashida, K and Sardsud, A (2009) Discovery of Lower Permian radiolarian and conodont faunas from the bedded chert of the Chanthaburi area along the Sra Kaeo suture zone, eastern Thailand. Paleontological Research 13, 119–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saesaengseerung, D, Sashida, K and Sardsud, A (2008) Discovery of Middle Triassic radiolarian fauna from the Nan area along the Nan–Uttaradit suture zone, northern Thailand. Paleontological Research 12, 397–409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salam, A, Zaw, K, Meffre, S, McPhie, J and Lai, CK (2014) Geochemistry and geochronology of the Chatree epithermal gold–silver deposit: implications for the tectonic setting of the Loei Fold Belt, central Thailand. Gondwana Research 26, 198–217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sashida, K and Nakornsri (1997) Lower Permian radiolarian faunas from the Khanu Chert Formation distributed in the Sukhothai area, northern central Thailand. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Stratigraphy and Tectonic Evolution of Southeast Asia and the South Pacific (eds Dheeradilok, P, Hinthong, C, Chaodumrong, P, Putthapiban, P, Tansathien, W, Utha-aroon, C, Sattyarak, N, Nuchanong, T and Techawan, S), pp. 101–8. Bangkok: Department of Mineral Resources.Google Scholar
Searle, MP, Whitehouse, MJ, Robb, LJ, Ghani, AA, Hutchison, CS, Sone, M, Ng, SWP, Roselee, MH, Chung, SL and Oliver, GJH (2012) Tectonic evolution of the Sibumasu−Indochina terrane collision zone in Thailand and Malaysia: constraints from new U−Pb zircon chronology of SE Asian tin granitoids. Journal of the Geological Society 169, 489–500.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sengör, AMC (1979) Mid-Mesozoic closure of Permo-Triassic Tethys and its implications. Nature 279, 590–3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singharajwarapan, S and Berry, RF (1993) Structural analysis of the accretionary complex in Sirikit Dam area, Uttaradit, Northern Thailand. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences 8, 233–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singharajwarapan, S and Berry, RF (2000) Tectonic implications of the Nan suture zone and its relationship to the Sukhothai Fold Belt, northern Thailand. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 18, 663–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sláma, J, Košler, J, Condon, DJ, Crowley, JL, Gerdes, A, Hanchar, JM, Horstwood, MSA, Morris, GA, Nasdala, L, Norberg, N, Schaltegger, U, Schoene, B, Tubrett, MN and Whitehouse, MJ (2008) Plešovice zircon – a new natural reference material for U–Pb and Hf isotope microanalysis. Chemical Geology 249, 1–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sone, M and Metcalfe, I (2008) Parallel Tethyan sutures in mainland SE Asia: new insights for Palaeo-Tethys closure. Comptes Rendus Geoscience 340, 166–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sone, M, Metcalfe, I and Chaodumrong, P (2012) The Chanthaburi terrane of southeastern Thailand: stratigraphic confirmation as a disrupted segment of the Sukhothai Arc. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 61, 16–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Song, Y, Sua, L, Dong, J, Song, S, Allen, MB, Wang, C and Hu, X (2020) Detrital zircons from Late Paleozoic to Triassic sedimentary rocks of the Gongshan-Baoshan Block, SE Tibet: implications for episodic crustal growth of Eastern Gondwana. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 188, 104106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Srichan, W, Crawford, AJ and Berry, RF (2009) Geochemistry and geochronology of Late Triassic volcanic rocks in the Chiang Khong region, northern Thailand. Island Arc 18, 32–51.Google Scholar
Srinak, N, Hisada, K, Kamata, Y and Charusiri, P (2007) Stratigraphy of the Mae Sariang Group of northwestern Thailand: implication for paleoenvironments and tectonic setting. The National History Journal of Chulalongkorn University 7, 87–108.Google Scholar
Thanh, TT, Hieu, PT, Minh, P, Nhuan, DV and Thuy, NTB (2019) Late Permian–Triassic granitic rocks of Vietnam: the Muong Lat example. International Geology Review 61, 1823–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thassanapak, H, Udchachon, M, Chonglakmani, C and Feng, Q (2011) Geochemistry of Middle Triassic radiolarian cherts from northern Thailand: implication for depositional environment. Journal of Earth Science 22, 688–703.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thassanapak, H, Udchachon, M, Feng, Q and Burrett, C (2017) Middle Triassic radiolarians from cherts/siliceous shales in an extensional basin in the Sukhothai fold belt, northern Thailand. Journal of Earth Science 28, 9–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Udchachon, M, Thassanapak, H and Burrett, C (2018) Early Permian radiolarians from the extension of the Sa Kaeo Suture in Cambodia – tectonic implications. Geological Magazine 155, 1449–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ueno, K (2003) The Permian fusulinoidean faunas of the Sibumasu and Baoshan blocks: their implications for the paleogeographic and paleoclimatologic reconstruction of the Cimmerian Continent. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 193, 1–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ueno, K and Charoentitirat, T (2011) Carboniferous and Permian. In The Geology of Thailand (eds Ridd, MF, Barber, AJ and Crow, MJ), pp. 71–136. London: Geological Society.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ueno, K and Hisada, K (2001) The Nan–Uttaradit–Sra Kaeo Suture as a main Paleo-Tethyan suture in Thailand: is it real? Gondwana Research 4, 804–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ueno, K, Kamata, Y, Uno, K, Charoentitirat, T, Charusiri, P, Vilaykham, K and Martini, R (2018) The Sukhothai Zone (Permian–Triassic island-arc domain of Southeast Asia) in Northern Laos: insights from Triassic carbonates and foraminifers. Gondwana Research 61, 88–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ueno, K, Miyahigashi, A and Charoentitirat, T (2010) The Lopingian (Late Permian) of mid-oceanic carbonates in the Eastern Paleotethys: stratigraphical outline and foraminiferal faunal succession. Geological Journal 45, 285–307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vimuktanandana, S, Meesuk, A, Wongprayoon, T and Manoi, Y (2008a) Geological Map of Changwat Sukhothai. Scale 1:250,000. Bangkok: Department of Mineral Resources.Google Scholar
Vimuktanandana, S, Meesuk, A, Wongprayoon, T and Manoi, Y (2008b) Geological Map of Changwat Uttaradit. Scale 1:250,000. Bangkok: Department of Mineral Resources.Google Scholar
Wakita, K and Metcalfe, I (2005) Ocean plate stratigraphy in East and Southeast Asia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 24, 679–702.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walder, AJ, Abell, ID, Platzner, I and Freedman, PA (1993) Lead isotope ratio measurement of NIST 610 glass by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 48, 397–402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, S, Mo, Y, Wang, C and Ye, P (2016) Paleotethyan evolution of the Indochina Block as deduced from granites in northern Laos. Gondwana Research 38, 183–96.Google Scholar
Wang, Y, He, H, Zhang, Y, Srithai, B, Feng, Q, Cawood, PA and Fan, W (2017) Origin of Permian OIB-like basalts in NW Thailand and implication on the Paleotethyan ocean. Lithos 274–275, 93–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Y, Qian, X, Cawood, PA, Liu, H, Feng, Q, Zhao, G, Zhang, Y, He, H and Zhang, P (2018) Closure of the East Paleotethyan Ocean and amalgamation of the Eastern Cimmerian and Southeast Asia continental fragments. Earth-Science Reviews 186, 195–230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Y, Yang, T, Zhang, Y, Qian, X, Gan, C, Wang, Y, Wang, Y and Senebouttalath, V (2020a) Late Paleozoic back-arc basin in the Indochina block: constraints from the mafic rocks in the Nan and Luang Prabang tectonic zones, Southeast Asia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 195, 104333.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Y, Zhang, Y, Qian, X, Senebouttalath, V, Wang, Y, Wang, Y, Gan, C and Zaw, K (2020b) Ordo-Silurian assemblage in the Indochina interior: geochronological, elemental, and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf-O isotopic constraints of early Paleozoic granitoids in South Laos. Geological Society of America Bulletin. doi: 10.1130/B35605.1.Google Scholar
Wiedenbeck, M, Alle, P, Corfu, F, Griffin, WL, Meier, M, Oberli, F, von Quadt, A, Roddick, JC and Spiegel, W (1995) Three natural zircon standards for U–Th–Pb, Lu–Hf, trace element and REE analyses. Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research 19, 1–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yan, Y, Huang, B, Zhao, J, Zhang, D, Liu, X, Charusiri, P and Veeravinantanakul, A (2017) Large southward motion and clockwise rotation of Indochina throughout the Mesozoic: paleomagnetic and detrital zircon U–Pb geochronological constraints. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 459, 264–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, WQ, Feng, QL, Shen, SY, Malila, K and Chonglakmani, C (2009) Permian radiolarians, chert and basalt from the Nan Suture Zone, northern Thailand. Earth Science – Journal of China University of Geosciences 34, 744–50 (in Chinese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Yang, W, Qian, X, Feng, Q, Shen, S and Chonglakmani, C (2016) Zircon U–Pb geochronological evidence for the evolution of the Nan–Uttaradit Suture in northern Thailand. Journal of Earth Science 27, 387–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, T and Feng, Q (2016) Geochemistry, zircon U–Pb age and Hf isotopic constraints on the petrogenesis of the Silurian rhyolites in the Loei fold belt and their tectonic implications. Journal of Earth Science 27, 391–402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Hara et al. supplementary material

Tables S1-S2 and Figures S1-S5

Download Hara et al. supplementary material(File)
File 12.7 MB