Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-4hhp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-08T19:05:35.268Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Precision conductometry in milk renneting

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2009

Petr Dejmek
Affiliation:
Dairy Technology, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden

Summary

On renneting, the electrical conductivity of milk decreased as viscosity increased. The sigmoidal time course of the decrease resembled the time course of shear modulus, but was more rapid. The total amount of change was independent of the amount of rennet and proportional to milk conductivity and its casein content. The conductivity change was interpreted as a change in the way casein micelles obstructed the path of the charge-carrying ions.

Type
Original Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Castle, A. V. & Wheelock, J. V. 1972 Effect of varying enzyme concentration on the action of rennin on whole milk. Journal of Dairy Research 39 1522CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chaplin, B. & Green, M. L. 1980 Determination of the proportion of κ-casein hydrolysed by rennet on coagulation of skim-milk. Journal of Dairy Research 47 351358CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dalgleish, D. G. 1979 Proteolysis and aggregation of casein micelles treated with immobilized or soluble chymosin. Journal of Dairy Research 46 653661CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dalgleish, D. G. 1982 The enzymatic coagulation of milk. In Developments in Dairy Chemistry – 1: Proteins, pp. 157187 (Ed. Fox, P. F.) London: Applied Science PublishersGoogle Scholar
Darling, D. F. & Dickson, J. 1979 a The determination of the zeta potential of casein micelles. Journal of Dairy Research 46 329332CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Darling, D. F. & Dickson, J. 1979 b Electrophoretic mobility of casein micelles. Journal of Dairy Research 46 441451CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dejmek, P. 1987 Dynamic rheology of rennet curd. Journal of Dairy Science 70 13251330CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fricke, H. 1924 A mathematical treatment of the electric conductivity and capacity of disperse systems. 1. The electric conductivity of a suspension of homogeneous spheroids. Physics Reviews 24 575587CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garnot, P., Rank, T. C., & Olson, N. F. 1982 Influence of protein and fat contents of ultrafiltered milk on rheological properties of gels formed by chymosin. Journal of Dairy Science 65 22672273CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, M. L. 1984 Milk coagulation and the development of cheese texture. In Advances in the Micriobiology and Biochemistry of Cheese and Fermented Milk, pp. 133 (Eds Davies, F. L. and Law, B. A.). London: Elsevier Applied Science PublishersGoogle Scholar
Green, M. L., Hobbs, D. G., Morant, S. V. & Hill, V. A. 1978 Intermicellar relationships in rennet-treated separated milk. 2. Process of gel assembly. Journal of Dairy Research 45 413422CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hammarsten, O. 1872 [On renneting of milk and the enzymes active in renneting]. Malys Jahresbericht über die Fortschritte der Tierchemie 2 119125Google Scholar
Hori, T. 1985 Objective measurements of the process of curd formation during rennet treatment of milks by the hot wire method. Journal of Food Science 50 911917CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horne, D. S. 1986 Steric stabilization and casein micelle stability. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 111 250260CrossRefGoogle Scholar
International Dairy Federation 1987 Calf rennet and adult bovine rennet. Determination of chymosin and bovine pepsin contents (Chromatographic method). Brussels: IDF (International Standard 110A)Google Scholar
Jenness, R. & Koops, J. 1962 Preparation and properties of a salt solution which simulates milk ultrafiltrate. Netherlands Milk and Dairy Journal 16 153164Google Scholar
Korolczuk, J., Roignant, M. & Maubois, J.-L. 1986 [Examination of the rennin coagulation of milk by refractometric measurement]. Lait 66 100120Google Scholar
Maxwell, J. C. 1873 A treatise on electricity and magnetism. Quoted by Crank J. 1975 The Mathematics of Diffusion, 2nd edn, p. 271. Oxford: Clarendon PressGoogle Scholar
McGann, T. C. A., Donnelly, W. J., Kearney, R. D. & Buchheim, W. 1980 Composition and size distribution of bovine casein micelles. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 630 261270CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Muhr, A. H. & Blanshard, J. M. 1982 Diffusion in gels. Polymer 23 10121025CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Overbeek, J. T. G. 1952 Electrokinetic phenomena. In Colloid Science p. 195 (Ed. Kruyt, H. R.). Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing CompanyGoogle Scholar
Patel, R. S. & Reuter, H. 1986 Effect of sodium, calcium and phosphate on properties of rennet coagulated milk. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und Technologie 19 288291Google Scholar
Payens, T. A. J. 1979 Casein micelles: the colloid-chemical approach. Journal of Dairy Research 46 291306CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Payens, T. A. & Brinkhuis, J. 1986 Mean field kinetics of the enzyme-triggered gelation of casein micelles. Colloids and Surfaces 20 3750CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prentice, J. H. 1972 The temperature coefficient of electrolytic conductivity of milk. Journal of Dairy Research 39 275278CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott Blair, G. W. & Burnett, J. 1958 Physical changes in milk caused by the action of rennet. 1. Description of apparatus for measuring rigidity moduli and internal viscosities, tests of reliability and some observations on syneresis. Journal of Dairy Research 25, 297303CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott Blair, G. W. & Oosthuizen, J. C. 1961 A viscometric study of the breakdown of casein in milk by rennin and rennet. Journal of Dairy Research, 28 165173CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsouli, J., Favre-Bonvin, G., Policard, C. & Ville, A. 1975 [Conductometric measurement of enzyme activity of three rennet varieties on fresh bulk milk and reconstituted skim milk]. Lait 55 289294CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsouli, J., Ville, A. & Valla, H. 1976 [Control of Emmenthal cheese manufacture by a conductometric method]. Lait 56 600607CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Hooydonk, A. C. M., Olieman, C. & Hagedoorn, H. G. 1984 Kinetics of the chymosin catalysed proteolysis of κ-casein in milk. Netherlands Milk and Dairy Journal 38 207222Google Scholar
Van Hooydonk, A. C. M. & Van Den Berg, G. 1987 Control and determination of the curd-setting during cheesemaking. Brussels: International Dairy Federation (IDF B-DOC 143)Google Scholar
Van Hooydonk, A. C. M. & Walstra, P. 1987 Interpretation of the kinetics of the renneting reaction in milk. Netherlands Milk and Dairy Journal 41 1947Google Scholar
Vreeman, H. J., Visser, S., Slangen, C. J. & Van Riel, J. A. M. 1986 Characterization of bovine κ-casein fractions and the kinetics of chymosin-induced macropeptide release from carbohydrate-free and carbohydrate-containing fractions determined by high-performance gel-permeation chromatography. Biochemical Journal 240, 8797CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walstra, P. 1979 The voluminosity of bovine casein micelles and some of its implications. Journal of Dairy Research 46 317323CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walstra, P. & Jenness, R. 1984 Dairy Chemistry and Physics, New York: John Wiley and SonsGoogle Scholar
Walstra, P. & Van Vliet, T. 1986 The physical chemistry of curd making. Netherlands Milk and Dairy Journal 40 241259Google Scholar