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Association of serum and erythrocyte zinc levels with breastfeeding and complementary feeding in preterm and term infants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 July 2022

Talita Rodrigues Azevedo-Silva ,
Anna Caroline Pereira Vivi ,
Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca ,
Cibele Wolf Lebrão ,
Maria Wany Louzada Strufaldi ,
Roseli Oselka Saccardo Sarni  and
Fabíola Isabel Suano-Souza Open the ORCID record for Fabíola Isabel Suano-Souza [Opens in a new window]
Talita Rodrigues Azevedo-Silva
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina – Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Anna Caroline Pereira Vivi
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina – Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca
Affiliation:
Clinical Analysis, Department of Pathology of Centro Universitário Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Universidade Federal de São Paulo – Campus Diadema, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
Cibele Wolf Lebrão
Affiliation:
Neonatal Unit, Hospital Municipal Universitário de São Bernardo do Campo – HMSBC. São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
Maria Wany Louzada Strufaldi
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina – Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
Roseli Oselka Saccardo Sarni
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Medicina do ABC; Allergy, Immunology and Clinical Rheumatology, Escola Paulista de Medicina – Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Fabíola Isabel Suano-Souza*
Affiliation:
Escola Paulista de Medicina – Universidade Federal de São Paulo; Department of Pediatrics, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
*
Address for correspondence: Fabíola Isabel Suano DE Souza, St. Botucatu, 598 Vila Clementino. São Paulo (SP), CEP 04023-062, Brazil. Email: suano.souza@unifesp.br
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Abstract

Zinc is an important nutrient involved in cell division, physical growth, and immune system function. Most studies evaluating the nutritional status related to zinc and prematurity were conducted with hospitalized preterm infants. These studies show controversial results regarding the prevalence of deficiency, clinical implications, and the effect of zinc supplementation on mortality, infectious diseases, and growth in these groups. This study aimed to compare serum and erythrocyte zinc levels in a group of preterm and full-term infants after 9 months of age, and related the zinc levels to dietary intake and anthropometric indicators in both groups. This cross-sectional study compared 43 preterm infants (24 to 33 weeks) aged 9–24 months to 47 full-term healthy infants. Outcome measures: anthropometric indicators and dietary intake. Blood sample for serum and erythrocyte zinc levels (ICP-MS, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry). There was no difference between the groups regarding the mean of serum and erythrocyte zinc. Variables associated with higher serum zinc levels were breastfeeding at evaluation (β = 20.11 µg/dL, 95% CI 9.62–30.60, p < 0.001) and the later introduction of solid foods (β = 6.6 µg/dL, 95% CI 5.3–11.4, p < 0.001). Breastfeeding was also associated with higher erythrocyte zinc levels. The zinc levels were adequate in both groups, there was no association with anthropometric indicators or dietary intake and were slightly influenced by breastfeeding and time of solid food introduction.

Keywords

Zincpreterm infantfood intakeinfantsbreastfeeding
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 14 , Issue 1 , February 2023 , pp. 53 - 60
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease

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