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Factors associated with low birthweight among late preterm singletons in Japan using pregnancy birth registry data

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 September 2023

Yoshifumi Kasuga*
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
Kunio Tanaka
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
Keisuke Akita
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
Junko Tamai
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
Asuka Hamuro
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
Yuka Fukuma
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
Keita Hasegawa
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
Satoru Ikenoue
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
Mamoru Tanaka
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
*
Corresponding author: Yoshifumi Kasuga; Email: kasuga@keio.jp

Abstract

Late preterm (LP, born between 34 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks of gestation) infants may experience several adverse outcomes, similar to those experienced by low birthweight (LBW, birthweight <2500 g) infants. However, while LP infants are often born with LBW, the association between LP and LBW remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate LBW rate and independent risk factors for LBW in LP singleton neonates. We retrospectively analyzed data of LP singleton neonates, born between 2013 and 2017, from the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology Successive Pregnancy Birth Registry System. The exclusion criteria included stillbirths and infants with missing data. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate maternal and perinatal factors associated with LBW in LP singletons. LBW was observed in 62.5% (n = 35,113) of 56,160 LP singleton births. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, LBW in LP neonates was independently associated with modifiable maternal factors, including pre-pregnancy underweight, inadequate gestational weight gain, and smoking during pregnancy, as well as non-modifiable factors, including younger maternal age, nulliparity, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, preeclampsia, cesarean section delivery, and female offspring. According to the Japanese pregnancy birth registry data, more than half of LP neonates were LBW. We previously discussed the issue of LBW regarding infants with different backgrounds, as there are many different causes of LBW. Several risk factors should be subdivided and considered for the risk of LP and LBW.

Type
Original Article
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with The International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD)

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