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Otitis media in Brazilian human immunodeficiency virus infected children undergoing antiretroviral therapy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2007

I D Miziara ,
R Weber ,
B Cunha Araújo Filho  and
C Diógenes Pinheiro Neto
I D Miziara*
Affiliation:
Division of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Ophthalmology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
R Weber
Affiliation:
Division of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Ophthalmology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
B Cunha Araújo Filho
Affiliation:
Division of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Ophthalmology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
C Diógenes Pinheiro Neto
Affiliation:
Division of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Ophthalmology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
*
Address for correspondence: Dr Ivan Dieb Miziara, Rua Cristiano Viana 450/121, Sao Paulo, BrazilCEP 05411-000. E-mail: miz@uol.com.br
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Abstract

Objective:

To assess changes in the prevalence of otitis media, associated with the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, in Brazilian human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected children.

Setting:

Division of otorhinolaryngology, Hospital das Clínicas, Sao Paulo University Medical School, Brazil.

Patients:

A cohort of 459 HIV-infected children aged below 13 years.

Main outcome measures:

The prevalence of otitis media and the serum cluster of differentiation four glycoprotein T lymphocyte count were compared for children receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (with protease inhibitors) and those receiving standard antiretroviral therapy (without protease inhibitors).

Results:

Otitis media was present in 33.1 per cent of the children. Children aged from zero years to five years 11 months receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy had a higher prevalence of acute otitis media (p=0.02) and a lower prevalence of chronic otitis media (p=0.02). Children who were receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy had a mean serum cluster of differentiation four glycoprotein T lymphocyte count greater than that of those who were receiving standard antiretroviral therapy (p<0.001).

Conclusions:

The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy in Brazilian HIV-infected children was associated with a lower prevalence of chronic otitis media.

Keywords

Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveHIVOtitis MediaChild
Type
Main Articles
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 121 , Issue 11 , November 2007 , pp. 1048 - 1054
Copyright
Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 2007

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