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Consecuencias del trabajo infantil en el desempeño escolar: Estudiantes latinoamericanos de educación primaria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2022

F. Javier Murillo Torrecilla  and
Marcela Román Carrasco
F. Javier Murillo Torrecilla
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, España
Marcela Román Carrasco
Affiliation:
Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Chile
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Resumen

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La investigación que se presenta analiza la incidencia del trabajo infantil fuera del hogar en el desempeño académico de los estudiantes de tercer y sexto grado de primaria en América Latina, en las áreas de lectura y matemáticas. Para ello, se utilizan modelos multinivel de cuatro niveles con los datos del Segundo Estudio Regional Comparativo y Explicativo de la UNESCO, analizándose algo más de noventa y cinco mil estudiantes de tercer grado de educación primaria y de noventaiún mil alumnos de sexto grado de dieciséis países latinoamericanos. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes que trabajan fuera del hogar tanto de tercero como de sexto grado, obtienen menores desempeños en lectura y matemáticas que quienes no lo hacen. Tal rendimiento se ve además negativamente afectado, en función de las horas de dedicación diaria y días trabajados en la semana.

Abstract

Abstract

This article investigates the effect of child labor outside the home on academic performance in reading and mathematics of Latin American primary school students in third and sixth grade. The authors used four-level models based on data from UNESCO's Second Regional Comparative and Explanatory Study to analyze more than ninety-five thousand students in third grade and more than ninety-one thousand students in sixth grade from sixteen Latin American countries. Results show that reading and math performance are lower for children who work outside the home than for those who do not, in third grade as well as in sixth grade. Students' performance is negatively affected in proportion to hours worked daily and number of days worked in the week.

Type
Research Article
Information
Latin American Research Review , Volume 49 , Issue 2 , 2014 , pp. 84 - 106
Copyright
Copyright © 2014 by the Latin American Studies Association

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