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3.4 DEPOSIT AND DISTRIBUTION OF TRICHOGRAMMA MINUTUM RILEY FOLLOWING AERIAL RELEASE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

S.M. Smith ,
D.R. Wallace ,
J.E. Laing ,
G.M. Eden  and
S.A. Nicholson
S.M. Smith
Affiliation:
Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B3
D.R. Wallace
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, Ontario Region, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, PO Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
J.E. Laing
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
G.M. Eden
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
S.A. Nicholson
Affiliation:
Pestechcon Inc., King City, Ontario, Canada L0G 1K0
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Abstract

The egg parasitoid, Trichogramma minutum Riley, was distributed by helicopter over forest stands near Hearst, Ont., to control the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens). The quality of the parasitoids in terms of emergence, proportion of females, longevity, and fecundity was not affected by aerial release. Based on monitoring with deposit cards, at 10 m above ground, the helicopter had an effective swath width of ca. 10 m. Aerial release provided an uneven distribution of deposit on 1.0-ha plots, with significantly less parasitized material reaching the outer edges of each plot than in the centre; parasitism of sentinel egg masses within the plots corresponded to the distribution of deposit. Over 50% of the released material was deposited on the ground. Drift outside the plots was generally less than 25 m, never exceeding 100 m. The extent of drift was dependent on the application technique, and to a lesser extent, wind direction. Deposit cards provided an extensive rather than an intensive sampling method for monitoring the aerial distribution of T. minutum.

Résumé

Le parasitoïde des oeufs, Trichogramma minutum Riley, a été distribué par hélicoptère au-dessus des terrains forestiers près de Hearst, Ont., pour maîtriser la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens). La qualité des parasitoïdes en fonction d'éclosion, de proportion de femelles, de longévité et de fécondité n'a pas été touchée par le relâchement aérien. Selon le contrôle sur les cartes de dépôt, à 10 m au-dessus de la terre, l'hélicoptère a eu une bande d'efficacité d'une largeur de ca. 10 m. Le relâchement aérien a donné une distribution de dépôt inégale aux lotissements de terre de 1,0 ha, fournissant significativement moins de matières parasitées autour des bords qu'au centre de chaque lot; le parasitisme des masses d'oeufs posées en sentinelles en dedans des lots ont été en conformité à la distribution des matières déposées. Au-dessus de 50% des matières relâchées ont été déposées à terre. La diffusion en dehors des lots a été généralement moins de 25 m et n'a jamais excédé 100 m. L'étendue de la diffusion dépendait de la technique d'applicage, et à un degré moindre à la direction du vent. Les cartes de dépôt n'ont fourni qu'une méthode extensive pour contrôler la distribution aérienne de T. minutum.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada , Volume 122 , Supplement S153 , 1990 , pp. 45 - 55
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1990

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