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Mucilaginous Secretions in the Xylem and Leaf Apoplast of the Swamp Palm Mauritia flexuosa L.f. (Arecaceae)

Part of: Micrographia Collection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 June 2020

Alessandra Flávia Silveira ,
Maria Olívia Mercadante-Simões Open the ORCID record for Maria Olívia Mercadante-Simões [Opens in a new window] ,
Leonardo Monteiro Ribeiro ,
Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes ,
Lucienir Pains Duarte ,
Ivana Silva Lula ,
Mariana Guerra de Aguilar  and
Grasiely Faria de Sousa
Alessandra Flávia Silveira
Affiliation:
Plant Anatomy Laboratory, General Biology Department, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros39401-089, Brazil
Maria Olívia Mercadante-Simões*
Affiliation:
Plant Anatomy Laboratory, General Biology Department, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros39401-089, Brazil
Leonardo Monteiro Ribeiro
Affiliation:
Plant Micropropagation Laboratory, General Biology Department, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros39401-089, Brazil
Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes
Affiliation:
Plant Ecology Laboratory, General Biology Department, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros39401-089, Brazil
Lucienir Pains Duarte
Affiliation:
Medicinal Plants Study Center, Chemistry Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte31270-901, Brazil
Ivana Silva Lula
Affiliation:
Medicinal Plants Study Center, Chemistry Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte31270-901, Brazil
Mariana Guerra de Aguilar
Affiliation:
Medicinal Plants Study Center, Chemistry Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte31270-901, Brazil
Grasiely Faria de Sousa
Affiliation:
Medicinal Plants Study Center, Chemistry Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte31270-901, Brazil
*
*Author for correspondence: Mercadante-Simões, E-mail: omercadante@hotmail.com.
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Abstract

Mauritia flexuosa palms inhabit wetland environments in the dry, seasonal Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) and produce mucilaginous secretions in the stem and petiole that have a medicinal value. The present study sought to characterize the chemical natures of those secretions and to describe the anatomical structures involved in their synthesis. Chemical analyzes of the secretions, anatomical, histochemical analyses, and electron microscopy studies were performed on the roots, stipes, petioles, and leaf blades. Stipe and petiole secretions are similar, and rich in cell wall polysaccharides and pectic compounds such as rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose, and glucose, which are hydrophilic largely due to their hydroxyl and carboxylate groups. Mucilaginous secretions accumulate in the lumens of vessel elements and sclerenchyma fibers of the root, stipe, petiole, and foliar veins; their synthesis involves cell wall loosening and the activities of dictyosomes. The outer faces of the cell walls of the parenchyma tissue in the mesophyll expand to form pockets that rupture and release pectocellulose substances into the intercellular spaces. The presence of mucilage in the xylem, extending from the roots to the leaf veins and continuous with the leaf apoplast, and sub-stomatal chambers suggest a strategy for plant water economy.

Keywords

arabinosepectinplant mucilagerhamnosesclerenchymatic fibervessel element
Type
Micrographia
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 26 , Issue 3 , June 2020 , pp. 609 - 621
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2020

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