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Templating Approaches Using Natural Cellular Plant Tissue

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Peter Greil
Peter Greil
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science at the University of Erlangen, Germany; tel. +49 9131 85-27541; and e-mail peter.greil@ww.unierlangen.de.
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Abstract

Biological preforms such as plant tissue offer a novel approach for manufacturing biomorphous ceramics with an anisotropic cellular micro- and macrostructure pseudomorphous to the natural template structure. Mimicking the hierarchical microstructure of the native template at different length scales from large vessels (mm) down to a cell wall microstructure (μm to nm) offers the possibility to tailor the local strut microstructure in biomorphous ceramics in order to improve mechanical properties at low density. Mineralization may be achieved by intercalation of the cell walls with an inorganic, metal organic, or organometallic sol. Heating above the pyrolysis temperature of the hydrocarbons forming the cell wall material in an inert atmosphere finally results in a positive replica of the cellular structure with a metal oxide/carbon composite forming the cell walls. Amorphous, nano- or microcrystalline C/Si-O-C(-N) composite materials are obtained by infiltration with a low viscosity preceramic polymeric precursor, such as polycarbosilane, -silazane, -siloxane, or a copolymer or mixture thereof. Pyrolysis into a biocarbon template and subsequent metal alloy melt or vapor infiltration and reaction at high temperatures above 1000°C is an alternate way to produce single and multiphase carbides and composites.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 35 , Issue 2: Lessons from Nature—Biomimetic Approaches to Minerals with Complex Structures , February 2010 , pp. 145 - 149
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2010

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