Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-m9kch Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-16T01:55:48.278Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Quantitative Mapping of Concentrations and Bonding States by Energy Filtering TEM

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2011

J. Mayer
Affiliation:
now at: Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Aachen University of Technology, D-52056 Aachen, Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany
J. M. Plitzko
Affiliation:
now at: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550 Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany
Get access

Abstract

We have developed new methods to quantify the data acquired by electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) in an energy filtering TEM. The analysis is based on recording series of energy filtered images across inner-shell loss edges or in the low-loss region. From the series of ESI images, electron energy loss (EEL) spectra can be extracted and subsequently analysed using standard EELS quantification techniques. From an ESI series one can measure the absolute amount (area density) of an element in the given sample area or the concentration ratios of one element with respect to other elements. Spectrum line-profiling has been shown to be an efficient way to acquire and present the information on the chemistry of an interface. The results obtained for different metallisation layer systems show that segregation in the monolayer range can still be analysed with high spatial resolution. For the study of the energy-loss near-edge structure (ELNES) a higher energy resolution is required. ESI series with narrow energy window width can be used to distinguish between different bonding states of a given element and is demonstrated for thin films of diamond and amorphous carbon.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

[1] Reimer, L. in “Energy-Filtering Transmission Electron Microscopy”, ed. Reimer, L., Springer Series in Optical Sciences Vol. 71 (Springer, Berlin, 1995), p. 347.Google Scholar
[2] Jeanguillaume, C., Trebbia, P., and Colliex, C., Ultramicroscopy 3 (1978) 237.Google Scholar
[3] Krivanek, O.L., Gubbens, A.J., and Dellby, N., Microsc. Microanal. Microstr. 2, (1991) 315.Google Scholar
[4] Mayer, J., Eigenthaler, U., Plitzko, J.M., and Dettenwanger, F., Micron 28 (1997) 361.Google Scholar
[5] Berger, A., Mayer, J. and Kohl, H., Ultramicroscopy 55 (1994) 101.Google Scholar
[6] Colliex, C., Tencé, M., Lefëvre, E., Mory, C., Gu, H., Bouchet, D., and Jeanguillaume, C., Mikrochim. Acta 114/115 (1994) 71.Google Scholar
[7] Marien, J., Plitzko, J.M., Spolenak, R., Keller, R.M., and Mayer, J., J. Microsc. 194 (1998) 71.Google Scholar
[8] Spolenak, R., Kraft, O., and Arzt, E., Microelectr. Reliabil. 38 (1998) 1015.Google Scholar
[9] Plitzko, J.M. and Mayer, J., Ultramicroscopy 78 (1999) 207.Google Scholar
[10] Dehm, G., Scheu, C., Möbus, G., Brydson, R. and Rühle, M., Ultramicroscopy 67 (1997) 207.Google Scholar
[11] Rösler, M., Zachai, R., FifBer, H.-J., Jiang, X., and Klages, C.-P., Proc. 2nd Intern. Conf. on the Applications of Diamond Films and Related Materials. Yoshikawa, M., Murakawa, M. (Eds), Tokyo (1993), p. 691696.Google Scholar
[12] Stoner, B.R., Ma, G.-H.M., Wolter, S.D., and Glass, J.T., Phys. Rev. B 45 1992 1106711084.Google Scholar
[13] Tzou, Y., Bruley, J., Ernst, F., Rühle, M., and Raj, R., J. Mater. Res. 9 (1994). 15661572.Google Scholar
[14] Mayer, J. and Plitzko, J.M., J. Microsc. 183 (1996) 2.Google Scholar
[15] Muller, D.A., Tzou, Y., Raj, R., and Silcox, J., Nature 366 (1993) 727.Google Scholar
[16] Jeanguillaume, C. and Colliex, C., Ultramicroscopy 28 (1989) 252.Google Scholar
[17] Hunt, J.A. and Williams, D.B., Ultramicroscopy 38 (1991) 47.Google Scholar
[18] Mayer, J., Matsumura, S., and Tomokiyo, Y., Journal of Electron Microscopy 47 (1997) 283.Google Scholar