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Divine Creation and Human Creativity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Extract

Like the man who gathered from the vicar’s sermon on sin that ‘he were agin it’, one gathers from reading the literature that ‘creativity’ is something to be approved of. Exactly what this creativity consists in, however, and how it relates to the concept of divine creation on the one hand, and the spheres of art and work on the other, is far from clear. It is the purpose of what follows to investigate these relationships.

The terms ‘creation’ and ‘creativity’, as opposed to more mundane alternatives such as ‘making’ and ‘productivity’, seem to be used in many contexts because of the positive feel they carry over from the idea of divine creation. It is much harder, for example, to disagree with an activity called ‘wealth creation’ than to object to the same process labelled ‘making money’. ‘Creation’ and ‘creativity’ are thus not merely neutral, descriptive terms; they alter our attitude to the activities that they designate. To designate an activity ‘creative’ is—for good or ill—to legitimate it, not just to describe it.

In some cases, however, the activity so legitimated is less obviously wholesome than is divine creation itself, and the designation then serves to conceal dubious aspects of human behaviour. In such a case, the use of language acquires ideological overtones. In what follows I shall examine three examples of the use of the idea of creation, or the use of the terms ‘creation’ and ‘creativity’, in recent literature. In the first two I shall detect tendencies towards such a descent into ideology. The examples chosen are deliberately extreme in order to make my point.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1986 Provincial Council of the English Province of the Order of Preachers

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References

1 See, for example, Dawson, G.. ‘God's Creation, Wealth Creation and the Idle Redistributors’, in Anderson, D. (ed.), The Kindness that Kills, London, 1984, pp. 1320.Google Scholar

2 On ‘ideology’, see, for example, McLellan, D., Ideology, Milton Keynes, 1986Google Scholar.

3 Clifford, R. J., ‘The Hebrew Scriptures and the Theology of Creation’, Theological Studies, 46 (1985), p. 509CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

4 Rorty, R., Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature. Oxford, 1980Google Scholar.

5 Rorty alludes here to Kant's Critique of Pure Reason, (trans. Smith, N.K., second edition, London and Basingstoke, 1933, p. 17Google Scholar).

6 Moltmann, J., On Human Dignity, London, 1984, p. 51Google Scholar.

7 See especially Novak, M., ‘A Theology of the Corporation’, in Novak, M. and Cooper, J.W. (eds.), The Corporation: A Theological Inquiry, Washington D.C., 1981, pp. 203224Google Scholar (=‘Corporation’) M. Novak, ‘Creation Theology’, in Houck, J.W. and Williams, O.F. (eds.), Co‐Creation and Capitalism: John Paul II‘s 'Laborem Exercens’, Washington D.C., 1983. pp. 1741Google Scholar (=‘Creation’).

8 See, for example, Thompson, P., The Nature of Work: an introduction to debates on the labour process, London and Basingstoke, 1983CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Littler, C.R. (ed.), The Experience of Work, Aldershot, 1985Google Scholar.

9 Habermas' views on aesthetics are in fact more complicated than these quotations suggest. See J. Habermas, ‘Questions and Counterquestions’, in R.J. Bernstein (ed.), Habermas and Modernity, pp. 192–216, especially pp. 199–203.

10 Habermas, J., ‘Modernity versus Postmodernity’, New German Critique, 22 (1981). p. 9Google Scholar.

11 Habermas, J., The Theory of Communicative Action vol. 1, London, 1984, p. 20Google Scholar.

12 McLellan, D., Karl Marx: Selected Writings, Oxford, 1977, p. 161Google Scholar, my stress.

13 Ibid., p. 95.

14 For the following, compare Clifford, op. cit.

15 Clifford, p. 509.

16 Clifford, p. 515.

17 J. Moltmann, The Future of Creation, London, 1979, p. 59Google Scholar.

18 Lash, N., Theology on Dover Beach, London, 1979, p. 152Google Scholar.

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21 See, for example, Is 65: 17–19; Rev 21: 1–5.

22 Clifford, op. cit., p. 519.