Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-zzh7m Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-27T16:10:30.605Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evaluation of the grain methionine, lysine and tryptophan contents of maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm in the Germplasm Enhancement of Maize Project

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2009

M. Paul Scott  and
Michael Blanco
M. Paul Scott*
Affiliation:
Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 1407 Agronomy Hall, Ames, IA50011, USA
Michael Blanco
Affiliation:
North Central Plant Introduction Station, USDA-ARS, Ames, IA50011, USA
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: paul.scott@ars.usda.gov
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The Germplasm Enhancement of Maize (GEM) Project is a cooperative effort between the USDA-ARS, private industry and public researchers to broaden and enhance the germplasm base of maize. In this program, selected accessions from the Latin American Maize Project, and seven tropical hybrids donated by DeKalb to the GEM Project, were crossed to elite proprietary inbred lines contributed by commercial plant breeding programs. In most cases, the resulting hybrids were crossed to a second commercial inbred line and the resulting 25% exotic hybrids were used as breeding populations for further development. To identify GEM germplasm with value to protein quality breeding programs, we developed a process for evaluating the content of the essential amino acids methionine, lysine and tryptophan in the grain of GEM germplasm that balances the need for multiple-year evaluations with the constantly changing entry list of this germplasm screening program. This process involves annual field trials with common checks. Weak entries are dropped from the trial each year to make room for new entries, while strong entries are retained. Methionine exhibited the most significant variation, followed by lysine and then tryptophan. A number of GEM lines had methionine or lysine levels that were significantly better than Corn Belt checks and some were competitive with high-amino acid checks.

Keywords

amino acidgermplasm enhancementnutrition
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 7 , Issue 3 , December 2009 , pp. 237 - 243
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

AOAC International (2002) Method 982.30 E(a,b). 17th ed. Chapter 45.3.05: Official methods of analysis of AOAC international.Google Scholar
Balint-Kurti, P, Blanco, M, Millard, M, Duvick, S, Holland, J, Clements, R, Holley, R, Carson, ML and Goodman, MM (2006) Registration of 20 GEM maize breeding germplasm lines adapted to the southern USA. Crop Science 46: 996–998.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bicar, EH, Woodman-Clikeman, W, Sangtong, V, Peterson, JM, Yang, SS, Lee, M and Scott, MP (2008) Transgenic maize endosperm containing a milk protein has improved amino acid balance. Transgenic Research 17: 59–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birge, EA and Low, KB (1974) Detection of transcribable recombination products following conjugation in rec+, recb −  and recc-strains of Escherichia coli k12. Journal of Molecular Biology 83: 447–450.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blanco, MH, Gardner, CAC, Salhuana, W and Shen, N (2005) Germplasm enhancement of maize project (GEM). Proceedings of 41st Annual Illinois Corn Breeding School, pp. 22–41.Google Scholar
Campbell, MR, Jane, J, Pollak, L, Blanco, M and O'Brien, A (2007) Registration of maize germplasm line GEMS-0067. Journal of Plant Registrations 1: 60–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frizzi, A, Huang, S, Gilbertson, LA, Armstrong, TA, Luethy, MH and Malvar, TM (2008) Modifying lysine biosynthesis and catabolism in corn with a single bifunctional expression/silencing transgene cassette. Plant Biotechnology Journal 6: 13–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hallauer, AR and Wright, AD (1995) Registration of B101 maize germplasm. Crop Science 35: 1238–1239.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Houmard, NM, Mainville, JL, Bonin, CP, Huang, S, Luethy, MH and Malvar, TM (2007) High-lysine corn generated by endosperm-specific suppression of lysine catabolism using rnai. Plant Biotechnology Journal 5: 605–614.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huang, S, Kruger, DE, Frizzi, A, D'Ordine, RL, Florida, CA, Adams, WR, Brown, WE and Luethy, MH (2005) High-lysine corn produced by the combination of enhanced lysine biosynthesis and reduced zein accumulation. Plant Biotechnology Journal 3: 555–569.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lai, J and Messing, J (2002) Increasing maize seed methionine by mrna stability. The Plant Journal 30: 395–402.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nelson, PT, Jines, MP and Goodman, MM (2006) Selecting among available, elite tropical maize inbreds for use in long-term temperate breeding. Maydica 51: 255–262.Google Scholar
Olsen, MS, Krone, TL and Phillips, RL (2003) Bsss53 as a donor source for increased whole-kernel methionine in maize: selection and evaluation of high-methionine inbreds and hybrids. Crop Science 43: 1634–1642.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollak, LM (2003) The history and success of the public–private project on germplasm enhancement of maize (GEM). Advances in Agronomy 78: 45–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prasanna, BM, Vasal, SK, Kassahun, B and Singh, NN (2001) Quality protein maize. Current Science 81: 1308–1319.Google Scholar
Scott, MP, Bhatnager, S and Betran, J (2004) Tryptophan and methionine levels in quality protein maize breeding germplasm. Maydica 49: 303–311.Google Scholar
Scott, MP, Darrigues, A, Stahly, TS and Lamkey, KR (2008) Recurrent selection to control grain methionine content and improve nutritional value of maize. Crop Science 48: 1705–1713.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vivek, BS, Krivanek, AF, Palacios-Rojas, N, Twumasi-Afriyie, S and Diallo, AO (2008) Breeding Quality Protein Maize (QPM): Protocols for Developing QPM Cultivars. Mexico, DF: CIMMYT.Google Scholar