Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T21:33:04.984Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Relationships among artichoke cultivars and some related wild taxa based on AFLP markers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 June 2007

G. Sonnante ,
A. De Paolis  and
D. Pignone
G. Sonnante*
Affiliation:
CNR—Istituto di Genetica Vegetale (Institute of Plant Genetics), Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
A. De Paolis
Affiliation:
CNR—Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (Institute of Food Science Production), Sez. di Lecce, Str. Prov. Lecce-Monteroni, Lecce, Italy
D. Pignone
Affiliation:
CNR—Istituto di Genetica Vegetale (Institute of Plant Genetics), Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: gabriella.sonnante@igv.cnr.it
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Artichoke, Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus is a diploid outcrossing species, originated in the Mediterranean basin, which has been much appreciated both for its tasty heads and pharmaceutical properties since ancient times. The species includes two more botanical varieties: C. cardunculus var. altilis, the cultivated leafy cardoon and C. cardunculus var. sylvestris, the presumed wild progenitor of artichoke, which are completely interfertile with the cultivated globe artichoke and all together they form the primary gene pool of artichoke. The secondary gene pool includes at least seven wild Cynara species. A high level of morphological variation, essentially in head shape and size, is observed in artichoke varieties. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used in order to assess genetic variation and relationships among artichoke varieties and between these and some of their wild relatives. A selected group of wild and cultivated artichoke accessions belonging to different clusters detected on a morphological basis and from various geographical origins was chosen for the analysis. Twenty-four primer combinations were initially tested to evaluate their ability to detect polymorphism between samples. Nine primer combinations were chosen for further analysis on 39 cultivated artichokes, two wild progenitors, one cultivated cardoon, one sample of C. cornigera, one of C. humilis and two samples of C. syriaca. A high level of polymorphism was observed for AFLP markers. The polymorphic bands obtained were scored and used to assess genetic similarity among wild and cultivated accessions and finally to construct a UPGMA dendrogram and principal co-ordinate (PCO) analysis based on Jaccard's similarity index. The artichoke wild progenitor was quite distantly related to the cultigen and occupied a separate branch in the dendrogram. However, wild C. cardunculus was more similar to the artichoke than were the other wild species, corroborating the idea that it is the wild progenitor of cultivated artichokes. Within the cultivated artichoke, the dendrogram derived from AFLP analysis produced branches which roughly corresponded to the groups obtained on the basis of morphological and physiological characteristics. The groups were homogeneous enough, except for the ‘Romaneschi’ types, which proved to be quite genetically variable, and did not cluster in a single branch. This is interpreted on the grounds of the possible selection pathway of this more modern morpho-group.

Keywords

AFLPCynara cardunculus var. scolymuswild cardoonmolecular markersgenetic relationships
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 1 , Issue 2-3 , August 2003 , pp. 125 - 133
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aggarwal, RK, Brar, DS, Nandi, S, Huang, N and Khush, GS (1999) Phylogenetic relationships among Oryza species revealed by AFLP markers. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 98: 1320–1328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alonso, Blanco C, Peeters, AJM, Koorneef, M, et al. (1998) Development of an AFLP based linkage map of Ler, Col, and Cvi Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes and construction of a Ler/Cvi recombinant inbred population. Plant Journal 14: 259–271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrett, BA and Kidwell, KK (1998) AFLP-based genetic diversity assessment among wheat cultivars from the Pacific Northwest. Crop Science 38: 1261–1271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Basnizki, J and Zohary, D (1994) Breeding of seed-planted artichoke. Plant Breeding Reviews 12: 253–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bianco, VV (1990) Carciofo (Cynara scolymus L.). In: Bianco, VV and Pimpini, F (eds) Orticoltura. Bologna: Patron Editore, pp. 209–251.Google Scholar
Caneva, G, Pontrandolfi, MA and Fascetti, S (1997) Piante Alimentari Spontanee della Basilicata. Villa d'Aari (PZ): Consiglio Regionale della Basilicata, Ufficio Stampa, pp. 190–191.Google Scholar
Dellacecca, V (1990) Cardo (Cynara cardunculus L.). In: Bianco, VV and Pimpini, F (eds) Orticoltura. Bologna: Patron Editore, pp. 252–258.Google Scholar
Dellacecca, V, Magnifico, V, Marzi, V, Porceddu, E and Scarascia Mugnozza, GT (1976) Contributo alla conoscenza delle varietà di carciofo coltivate nel mondo. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Congress on Artichoke, Bari,1973.Torino:Minerva Medica Editore, pp. 199–316.Google Scholar
Elia, A and Miccolis, V (1996) Relationships among 104 artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) accessions using cluster analysis. Advances in Horticultural Science 10: 158–162.Google Scholar
Erschadi, S, Haberer, G, Schoniger, M and Torres-Ruiz, RA (2000) Estimating genetic diversity of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes with amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 100: 633–640.Google Scholar
Foury, C (1989) Ressources génétiques et diversification de l'artichaut (Cynara scolymus L.). Acta Hortica 242: 155–166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaccard, P (1908) Nouvelles recherches sur la distribution florale. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 44: 223–270.Google Scholar
Lanteri, S, Di Leo, I, Ledda, L, Mameli, MG and Portis, E (2001) RAPD variation within and among populations of globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.), cv ‘Spinoso sardo’. Plant Breeding 120: 243–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maggini, F, Tucci, GF and Gelati, MT (1988) Ribosomal RNA genes in species of the Cynareae tribe (Compositae) II. Protoplasma 144: 125–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miccolis, V, Bianco, VV, Elia, A, Perrino, P and Volpe, N (1989) Valutazione della collezione mediterranea di carciofo allevata nella valle dell'Ofanto. L'Informatore Agrario 45: 35–41.Google Scholar
Miyashita, NT, Kawabe, A and Innan, H (1999) DNA variation in the wild plant Arabidopsis thaliana revealed by amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis. Genetics 152: 1723–1731.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pignone, D and Sonnante, G (in press) Wild artichokes of South Italy: did the story begin here? Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution.Google Scholar
Porceddu, E, Dellacecca, V and Bianco, VV (1976) Classificazione numerica di cultivar di carciofo. Proceedings of the 2nd International Congress on Artichoke, Bari,1973.Torino:Minerva Medica Editor pp. 1105–1119.Google Scholar
Potokina, E, Blattner, FR, Alexandrova, T and Bachman, K (2002) AFLP diversity in the common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) on the world scale. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 105: 58–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rohlf, FJ (2000) NTSYS-pc: Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System, version 2.1. Setauket, NY: Exeter Software.Google Scholar
Rottenberg, A and Zohary, D (1996) The wild ancestry of the cultivated artichoke. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 43: 53–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rottenberg, A, Zohary, D and Nevo, E (1996) Isozyme relationships between cultivated artichoke and the wild relatives. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 43: 59–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solbrig, OT and Solbrig, DJ (1979) Introduction to Population Biology and Evolution. London: Addison-Wesley Publishers.Google Scholar
Sonnante, G, De Paolis, A, Lattanzio, V and Perrino, P (2002) Genetic variation in wild and cultivated artichoke revealed by RAPD markers. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 49: 247–252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sonnante, G, Ippedico, M and De Paolis, A (2003) Microsatellite and AFLP markers in an artichoke world collection. Fifth International Congress on Artichoke,Tudela,Spain,5–8 May 2003, p. 22.Google Scholar
Tivang, J, Skroch, PW, Nienhuis, J and De Vos, N (1996) Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) variation among and within artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) cultivars and breeding populations. Journal of the American Society of Horticultural Science 121: 783–788.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tucci, GF and Maggini, F (1986) Ribosomal RNA genes in species of the Cynareae tribe (Compositae) I. Protoplasma 132: 76–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vos, P, Hogers, R, Bleeker, M, Reijans, M,Lee van de, T, Hornes, M, Frjters, A, Pot, J, Kuiper, M and Zabeau, M (1995) AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting. Nucleic Acids Research 23: 4407–4414.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wiklund, A (1992) The genus Cynara L. (Asteraceae-Cardueae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 109: 75–123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winter, P, Benko-Issepon, AM, Hüttel, B, Ratnaparkhe, M, Tullu, A, Sonnante, G, Pfaff, T, Tekeoglu, M, Santra, D, Sant, VJ, Rajesh, PN, Kahl, G and Muehlbauer, FJ (2000) A linkage map of the chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genome based on recombinant inbred lines from a C. arietinum × C.reticulatum cross: localization of resistance genes for fusarium wilt races 4 and 5. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 101: 1155–1163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zabeau, M and Vos, P (1993) Selective restriction fragment amplification: a general method for DNA fingerprinting. European Patent Application No. 0534858 A1.Google Scholar
Zohary, D and Basnizky, J (1975) The cultivated artichoke—Cynara scolymus. Its probable wild ancestors. Economic Botany 29: 233–235.CrossRefGoogle Scholar