No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
Variability in phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity and essential oil profile in different tissues of Ferula assa-foetida L. populations in Iran: an opportunity for industrial products
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 22 February 2024
Abstract
Plant responses to multiple environmental conditions in the habitat are characterized by intra-species variety. Ferula assa-foetida L. is a native medical plant in Iran, which has a wide range of therapeutic and pharmacological properties. The objective of the current study was to identify changes in phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and essential oil (EO) composition in different tissues (leaf, flower and fruit) of three populations of F. assa-foetida L. (Sarbisheh, Nehbandan, located in South Khorasan province of Iran). The results showed that total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity in the leaves of Sarbisheh were higher than in other treatments. The amount of TPC, TFC and DPPH scavenging activity in leaves was higher than in other tissues in the Sarbisheh population, increasing by 31 and 70%, 41 and 20%, 8 and 13%, respectively, over that of flowers and fruits. The main EO compounds of leaves were α-pinene (11.86–13.56%), β-pinene (6.80–7.99%), bornyl acetate (15.80–17.33%). The main EO constitutes of flowers were Z-propenyl-sec-butyldisulfide (10.12–12.4%), eco-fenchyl acetate (10.87–12.4%), myrcisticin (13.43–15.87%) and α-bisabolol (11.23–13.76%). The primary compounds of fruit EO were β-pinene (9.32–11.26%), (Z)-1-propenyl sec butyldisulf (17.54–18.87%) and (E)-1-propenyl sec butyldisulf (28.32–30.02%). The agglomerative hierarchical clustering showed that three distinguished clusters were identified for population, where Nehbandan and Qaen had the higher similarity and Sarbisheh completely differed from the two ones. Different plant tissues contain varying types of chemicals, with leaves exhibiting higher levels of phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. This characteristic can be beneficial for industries such as food and pharmaceuticals.
Keywords
- Type
- Research Article
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of National Institute of Agricultural Botany
References
Afshari, M, Pazoki, A and Sadeghipour, O (2021) Foliar-applied silicon and its nanoparticles stimulate physio-chemical changes to improve growth, yield and active constituents of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) essential oil under different irrigation regimes. Silicon 13, 4177–4188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aharoni, A and Galili, G (2011) Metabolic engineering of the plant primary–secondary metabolism interface. Current Opinion in Biotechnology 22, 239–244.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Akbarian, A, Rahimmalek, M, Sabzalian, MR and Hodaei, M (2021) Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (pal) and chalcone synthase (chs) genes in some Iranian endemic species of Apiaceae. Gene Reports 23, 101147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ali-Arab, H, Bahadori, F, Mirza, M, Badi, HN and Kalate-Jari, S (2022) Variability in essential oil composition and phenolic acid profile of Thymus daenensis Celak. populations from Iran. Industrial Crops and Products, 178, 114345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Altyar, AE, Ashour, ML and Youssef, FS (2020) Premna odorata: seasonal metabolic variation in the essential oil composition of its leaf and verification of its anti-ageing potential via in vitro assays and molecular modelling. Biomolecules 10, 879.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bajalan, I, Rouzbahani, R, Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A and Maggi, F (2018) Quali-quantitative variation of essential oil from Iranian rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) accessions according to environmental factors. Journal of Essential Oil Research 30, 16–24.Google Scholar
Bibi, N, Shah, MH, Khan, N, Al-Hashimi, A, Elshikh, MS, Iqbal, A and Abbasi, AM (2022) Variations in total phenolic, total flavonoid contents, and free radicals’ scavenging potential of onion varieties planted under diverse environmental conditions. Plants 11, 950.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dastan, D, Hamah-Ameen, BA, Salehi, P, Ghaderi, H and Miran, M (2022) Chemical composition and bioactivities of essential oils from different plant parts of Ferula pseudalliacea Rech. f. as an endemic plant from Iran. Natural Product Research 36, 1311–1316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dodoš, T, Rajčević, N, Janaćković, P, Vujisić, L and Marin, PD (2019) Essential oil profile in relation to geographic origin and plant organ of Satureja kitaibelii Wierzb. ex Heuff. Industrial Crops and Products 139, 111549.Google Scholar
Fang, C, Fernie, AR and Luo, J (2019) Exploring the diversity of plant metabolism. Trends in Plant Science 24, 83–98.Google Scholar
Hassanabadi, M, Ebrahimi, M, Farajpour, M and Dejahang, A (2019) Variation in essential oil components among Iranian Ferula assa-foetida L. accessions. Industrial Crops and Products 140, 111598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hassanabadi, Z, Mohayeji, M, Sharififar, F, Mehrafarin, A and Mirtadzadini, SM (2022) Variability in phenolic compounds, DPPH scavenging activity, and essential oil profile of Pulicaria gnaphaloides (Vent.) Boiss. populations: an opportunity for industrial products. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 25, 1096–1108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jha, Y and Mohamed, HI (2022) Plant secondary metabolites as a tool to investigate biotic stress tolerance in plants: a review. Gesunde Pflanzen 74, 771–790.Google Scholar
Khosropour, E, Weisany, W, Tahir, NAR and Hakimi, L (2021) Vermicompost and biochar can alleviate cadmium stress through minimizing its uptake and optimizing biochemical properties in Berberis integerrima bunge. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29, 17476–17486.Google Scholar
Li, Y, Kong, D, Fu, Y, Sussman, MR and Wu, H (2020) The effect of developmental and environmental factors on secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 148, 80–89.Google Scholar
Lima, A, Arruda, F, Medeiros, J, Baptista, J, Madruga, J and Lima, E (2021) Variations in essential oil chemical composition and biological activities of Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex Lf) D. Don from different geographical origins – a critical review. Applied Sciences 11, 11097.Google Scholar
Marzoug, HNB, Romdhane, M, Lebrihi, A, Mathieu, F, Couderc, F, Abderraba, M and Bouajila, J (2011) Eucalyptus oleosa essential oils: chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the oils from different plant parts (stems, leaves, flowers and fruits). Molecules 16, 1695–1709.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mensor, LL, Menezes, FS, Leitão, GG, Reis, AS, Santos, TCD, Coube, CS and Leitão, SG (2001) Screening of Brazilian plant extracts for antioxidant activity by the use of DPPH free radical method. Phytotherapy Research 15, 127–130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Narimani, R, Tarakemeh, A, Moghaddam, M and Mahmoodi Sourestani, M (2021) Phytochemical variation within aerial parts of Ferula cupularis populations, an endangered medicinal plant from Iran. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 18, e2100551.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Niazmand, R and Razavizadeh, BM (2021) Ferula asafoetida: chemical composition, thermal behavior, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of leaf and gum hydroalcoholic extracts. Journal of Food Science and Technology 58, 2148–2159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perczak, A, Gwiazdowska, D, Marchwińska, K, Juś, K, Gwiazdowski, R and Waśkiewicz, A (2019) Antifungal activity of selected essential oils against Fusarium culmorum and F. graminearum and their secondary metabolites in wheat seeds. Archives of Microbiology 201, 1085–1097.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ralepele, FM, Chimuka, L, Nuapia, Y and Risenga, I (2021) UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS analysis of targeted poly-phenolic compounds from Moringa oleifera leaves as function of seasonal responses. South African Journal of Botany 143, 107–115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sefidkon, F, Abbasi, K and Khaniki, GB (2006) Influence of drying and extraction methods on yield and chemical composition of the essential oil of Satureja hortensis. Food Chemistry 99, 19–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shih, MK, Lai, YH, Lin, CM, Chen, YW, Hou, ZT and Hou, CY (2020) A novel application of terpene compound α-pinene for alternative use of sulfur dioxide-free white wine. International Journal of Food Properties 23, 520–532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shraim, AM, Ahmed, TA, Rahman, MM and Hijji, YM (2021) Determination of total flavonoid content by aluminum chloride assay: a critical evaluation. Lwt 150, 111932.Google Scholar
Slinkard, K and Singleton, VL (1977) Total phenol analysis: automation and comparison with manual methods. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 28, 49–55.Google Scholar
Stanković, M, Ćurčić, S, Zlatić, N and Bojović, B (2017) Ecological variability of the phenolic compounds of Olea europaea L. leaves from natural habitats and cultivated conditions. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 31, 499–504.Google Scholar
Vozhdehnazari, MS, Hejazi, SMH, Sefidkon, F, Jahromi, MG and Mousavi, A (2022) Variability in morphology and essential oil profile for 30 populations of Satureja species with respect to climatic paramours using multivariate analysis: an opportunity for industrial products. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 25, 994–1011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zare Hoseini, R, Mehregan, I, Ghanbari Jahromi, M, Mousavi, A and Salami, SA (2022) Evaluating molecular and morphological diversity of Phlomis olivieri Benth (Lamiaceae) populations in Iran. Biodiversity 23, 81–95.Google Scholar