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Social stress under binge-like alcohol withdrawal in adolescence: evidence of cannabidiol effect on maladaptive plasticity in rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 September 2022

Anna Brancato Open the ORCID record for Anna Brancato [Opens in a new window] ,
Valentina Castelli ,
Gianluca Lavanco ,
Cesare D'Amico ,
Salvatore Feo ,
Giuseppe Pizzolanti ,
Martin Kuchar  and
Carla Cannizzaro
Anna Brancato*
Affiliation:
Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties ‘G. D’ Alessandro’, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Valentina Castelli
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Gianluca Lavanco
Affiliation:
Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties ‘G. D’ Alessandro’, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Cesare D'Amico
Affiliation:
Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Salvatore Feo
Affiliation:
Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy ATEN Center, Genomic and Proteomic Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Giuseppe Pizzolanti
Affiliation:
Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties ‘G. D’ Alessandro’, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Martin Kuchar
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
Carla Cannizzaro
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
*
Author for correspondence: Anna Brancato, E-mail: anna.brancato@unipa.it
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Abstract

Background

Alcohol binge drinking may compromise the functioning of the nucleus accumbens (NAc), i.e. the neural hub for processing reward and aversive responses.

Methods

As socially stressful events pose particular challenges at developmental stages, this research applied the resident–intruder paradigm as a model of social stress, to highlight behavioural neuroendocrine and molecular maladaptive plasticity in rats at withdrawal from binge-like alcohol exposure in adolescence. In search of a rescue agent, cannabidiol (CBD) was selected due to its favourable effects on alcohol- and stress-related harms.

Results

Binge-like alcohol exposed intruder rats displayed a compromised defensive behaviour against the resident and a blunted response of the stress system, in addition to indexes of abnormal dopamine (DA)/glutamate plasticity and dysfunctional spine dynamics in the NAc. CBD administration (60 mg/kg) was able to: (1) increase social exploration in the binge-like alcohol exposed intruder rats, at the expenses of freezing time, and in control rats, which received less aggressive attacks from the resident; (2) reduce corticosterone levels independently on alcohol previous exposure; (3) restore DA transmission and (4) facilitate excitatory postsynaptic strength and remodelling.

Conclusions

Overall, the maladaptive behavioural and synaptic plasticity promoted by the intersection between binge-like alcohol withdrawal and exposure to adverse social stress can be rescued by a CBD détente effect that results in a successful defensive strategy, supported by a functional endocrine and synaptic plasticity. The current data highlight CBD's relevant therapeutic potential in alcohol- and stress-related harms, and prompt further investigation on its molecular targets.

Keywords

Adolescencebinge alcohol drinkingcannabidiolnucleus accumbenssocial stress
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 53 , Issue 12 , September 2023 , pp. 5538 - 5550
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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