Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-m9kch Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-30T10:36:48.983Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The neuropsychiatric implications of low level exposure to lead1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

Herbert L. Needleman
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Editorial
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 12 , Issue 3 , August 1982 , pp. 461 - 463
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1982

References

REFERENCES

Averill, D. & Needleman, H. L. (1980). Neonatal lead exposure retards cortical synaptogenesis in the rat. In Low Level Lead Exposure: The Clinical Implications of Current Research (ed. Needleman, H.), pp. 201–210. Raven Press: New York.Google Scholar
Baloh, R., Sturm, R., Green, B. & Gleser, T. (1975). Neuropsychological effects of chronic increased lead absorbtion. A controlled study. Archives of Neurology 32, 326–330.Google Scholar
Bull, R. J., Lutkenhoff, S. D., McCarty, G. E. & Miller, R. G. (1979). Delays in the postnatal increase of cerebral cytochrome concentration in lead-exposed rats. Neuropharmacology 18, 83–92.Google Scholar
Burde, B. de la & Choate, M. S. (1975). Early asymptomatic lead exposure and development at school age. Journal of Pediatrics 87, 638–664.Google Scholar
Byers, R. K. & Lord, E. E. (1943). Effects of lead poisoning on mental development. American Journal of Diseases of Children 66, 471–494.Google Scholar
Hebel, J. R., Kinch, D. & Armstrong, E. (1976). Mental capacity of children exposed to lead pollution. British Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine 30, 170–174.Google Scholar
Hernberg, S. (1976). Biochemical subclinical and clinical responses to lead and their relation to different exposure levels, as indicated by the concentration of lead in blood. In Effects and Dose–Response Relationships of Toxic Metals (ed. Nordberg, G. F.), pp. 404–415. Elsevier: Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Landrigan, P., Whitworth, R. H., Baloh, R. W., Staehling, N. W., Barthel, W. F. & Rosenblum, B. F. (1975). Neuropsychological dysfunction in children with chronic low-level lead absorbtion. Lancet i, 708–712.Google Scholar
Lansdown, R. G., Clayton, B. E., Graham, P. J., Shepherd, J., Delves, H. T. & Turner, W. C. (1974). Blood lead level behavior and intelligence: a population study. Lancet i, 538–541.Google Scholar
Moore, M. R. & Graham, D. J. M. (1980). Monopyrroles in porphyria, psychosis and lead exposure. International Journal of Biochemistry 12, 827–832.Google Scholar
Nathanson, J. & Bloom, F. E. (1975). Lead-induced inhibition of brain adenyl cyclase. Nature 255, 419–420.Google Scholar
Needleman, H. L. & Bellinger, D. (1981). The epidemiology of low level lead exposure. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry 20, 496–512.Google Scholar
Needleman, H. L. & Landrigan, P. (1981). The health effects of low level exposure to lead. Annual Review of Public Health 2, 277–298.Google Scholar
Needleman, H. L., Gunnoe, C., Leviton, A., Reed, R., Peresie, H., Maher, C. & Barrett, P. (1979). Deficits in psychologic and classroom performance of children with elevated dentine lead levels. New England Journal of Medicine 300, 689–695.Google Scholar
Perino, J. & Ernhart, C. (1974). The relation of subclinical lead level to cognitive and sensorimotor impairment in black preschoolers. Journal of Learning Disabilities 7, 616–620.Google Scholar
Petit, T. L. & Alfano, D. P. (1979). Differential experience following developmental lead exposure: effects on brain and behaviour. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior 11, 165–171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Piomelli, S., Seaman, C. & Zullow, D. (1977). Metabolic evidence of lead toxicity in ‘normal’ urban children. Clinical Research 25, 459A.Google Scholar
Rabinowitz, M., Wetherill, G. & Kopple, J. (1976). Kinetic analysis of lead metabolism in healthy humans. Journal of Clinical Investigation 58, 260–270.Google Scholar
Rice, D. & Willes, R. J. (1979). Neonatal low-level lead exposure in monkeys (macacca fasiculoaris): effect on two-choice non-spatial form discrimination. Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology 2, 1195–1203.Google Scholar
Winneke, G., Brochhaus, A., Kramer, U., Ewen, U., Kujanek, G., Lechner, H. & Janke, W. (1981). Neuropsychological comparison of children with different tooth lead levels. Preliminary report.In Proceedings of International Conference, Heavy Metals in the Environment, pp. 553–556. WHO: Amsterdam. CEP Consultants: Edinburgh.Google Scholar
Yule, W., Lansdown, R., Miller, I. B. & Urbanowicz, M. (1981). The relationships between blood lead concentrations, intelligence and attainment in a school population: a pilot study. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 23, 567–576.Google Scholar