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Speed of facial affect intensity recognition as an endophenotype of first-episode psychosis and associated limbic-cortical grey matter systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 June 2012

A. M. Dean ,
E. Goodby ,
C. Ooi ,
P. J. Nathan ,
B. R. Lennox ,
L. Scoriels ,
S. Shabbir ,
J. Suckling ,
P. B. Jones  and
E. T. Bullmore
...Show all authors
A. M. Dean*
Affiliation:
Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK Medicines Discovery and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Clinical Unit Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigations, Cambridge, UK
E. Goodby
Affiliation:
Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
C. Ooi
Affiliation:
Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
P. J. Nathan
Affiliation:
Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK Medicines Discovery and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Clinical Unit Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigations, Cambridge, UK
B. R. Lennox
Affiliation:
Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
L. Scoriels
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
S. Shabbir
Affiliation:
Medicines Discovery and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Clinical Unit Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigations, Cambridge, UK
J. Suckling
Affiliation:
Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
P. B. Jones
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
E. T. Bullmore
Affiliation:
Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK Medicines Discovery and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Clinical Unit Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigations, Cambridge, UK Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
A. Barnes
Affiliation:
Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
*
*Address for correspondence: A. M. Dean, B.Sc., Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK. (Email: aw470@cam.ac.uk)
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Abstract

Background

Psychotic disorders are highly heritable such that the unaffected relatives of patients may manifest characteristics, or endophenotypes, that are more closely related to risk genes than the overt clinical condition. Facial affect processing is dependent on a distributed cortico-limbic network that is disrupted in psychosis. This study assessed facial affect processing and related brain structure as a candidate endophenotype of first-episode psychosis (FEP).

Method

Three samples comprising 30 FEP patients, 30 of their first-degree relatives and 31 unrelated healthy controls underwent assessment of facial affect processing and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data. Multivariate analysis (partial least squares, PLS) was used to identify a grey matter (GM) system in which anatomical variation was associated with variation in facial affect processing speed.

Results

The groups did not differ in their accuracy of facial affect intensity rating but differed significantly in speed of response, with controls responding faster than relatives, who responded faster than patients. Within the control group, variation in speed of affect processing was significantly associated with variation of GM density in amygdala, lateral temporal cortex, frontal cortex and cerebellum. However, this association between cortico-limbic GM density and speed of facial affect processing was absent in patients and their relatives.

Conclusions

Speed of facial affect processing presents as a candidate endophenotype of FEP. The normal association between speed of facial affect processing and cortico-limbic GM variation was disrupted in FEP patients and their relatives.

Keywords

Endophenotypefacial affectfirst-episodemagnetic resonance imagingpartial least squarespsychosissystems
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 43 , Issue 3 , March 2013 , pp. 591 - 602
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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