Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-25wd4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T04:53:42.263Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Radiocarbon, Soil, and Artifact Chronologies for An Early Southern Oregon Coastal Site

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Roberta Hall ,
Loren G Davis ,
Samuel Willis  and
Matthew Fillmore
Roberta Hall*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
Loren G Davis
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
Samuel Willis
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
Matthew Fillmore
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture, USDA-NRCS, Tangent Soils Office, 33630 McFarland Road, Tangent, Oregon 97389, USA
*
Corresponding author. Email: rhall@oregonstate.edu.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Radiocarbon dates together with geoarchaeological, soil, and lithic analyses are presented to describe archaeological site 35-CS-9 in Bandon Ocean Wayside State Park, Oregon, northwestern USA. One of the few Oregon middle-Holocene coastal sites that includes sediments and artifacts dating to the early Holocene and possibly to the late Pleistocene, it was recorded in 1951 and surface surveyed by archaeologists in 1975, 1986, and 1991, but its depth and antiquity were not tested. In February 2002, we studied the site's stratigraphy and sediments and described 8 strata from the aeolian surface to bedrock at 350 cm depth. Soil samples taken from a cut bank for texture classification, particle size analysis, pH, carbon content, and chemical analysis suggested that the site represented a complete history of Holocene deposits. Excavation of 2 test units in August 2002 uncovered substantial lithic and charcoal remains that confirm a protracted middle-Holocene occupation and suggest that human occupation began in the early Holocene. Charcoal recovered at 235–245 cm dated to 11,000 14C BP, and the deepest lithic artifact was recovered in a level at 215–225 cm. Whether the human occupation was continuous throughout the Holocene, and whether it began in the early Holocene or in the late Pleistocene, can only be determined with further excavations.

Type
Articles
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 47 , Issue 3 , 2005 , pp. 383 - 394
Copyright
Copyright © 2005 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

References

Andrefsky, W Jr. 1998. Lithics: Macroscopic Approaches to Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 258 p.Google Scholar
Davis, LG, Punke, ML, Hall, RL, Fillmore, M, Willis, SC. 2004. Evidence for a late Pleistocene occupation on the southern northwest coast. Journal of Field Archaeology 29:1–10.Google Scholar
Dixon, EJ. 2001. Human colonization of the Americas: timing, technology and process. Quaternary Science Reviews 20:277–99.Google Scholar
Erlandson, JM. 2002. Anatomically modern humans, maritime voyaging, and the Pleistocene colonization of the Americas. In: Jablonski, NG, editor. The First Americans. San Francisco: California Academy of Sciences. Memoirs 27. p 59–92.Google Scholar
Erlandson, JM, Moss, M. 1993. Report to Oregon State Parks, June 27, 1993, on the condition of 35-CS-9 [on file at the Oregon State Historic Preservation Office Salem, Oregon].Google Scholar
Erlandson, JM, Kennett, DJ, Ingram, BL, Guthrie, DA, Morris, DP, Tveskov, MA, West, GJ, Walker, PL. 1996. An archaeological and paleontological chronology for Daisy Cave (CA-SMI-261), San Miguel Island, California. Radiocarbon 38(2):355–73.Google Scholar
Fedje, DW, Christensen, T. 1999. Modeling paleoshorelines and locating early Holocene coastal sites in Haida Gwaii. American Antiquity 64(4):635–52.Google Scholar
Fedje, DW, Wigen, RJ, Mackie, Q, Lake, CR, Sumpter, ID. 2001. Preliminary results from investigations at Kilgii Gwaay: an early Holocene archaeological site on Ellen Island, Haida Gwaii, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Archaeology 25:98–120.Google Scholar
Fedje, DW, Mackie, Q, Dixon, EJ, Heaton, TH. 2004. Late Wisconsin environments and archaeological visibility on the northern Northwest coast. In: Madsen, DB, editor. Entering America. Northeast Asia and Beringia Before the Last Glacial Maximum. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. p 93–138.Google Scholar
Hall, RL, editor. 1995. People of the Coquille Estuary. Corvallis: Words and Pictures Unlimited. 224 p.Google Scholar
Hall, RL. 2000. Locating possible late Pleistocene and early Holocene archaeological sites on the southern Oregon coast. URL: http://oregonstate.edu/dept/anthropology/SeaGrantWeb/origprop.html/.Google Scholar
Hall, RL, Radosevich, S. 1995. Geoarchaeological analysis of a site in the Cascadia Subduction Zone on the southern Oregon coast. Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 29:123–40.Google Scholar
Hall, RL, McCarthy, D, Hall, DA. 2002. How were North American sites of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition discovered? North American Archaeologist 23(2):145–56.Google Scholar
Hall, RL, Roy, D, Boling, D. 2004. Pleistocene migration routes into the Americas: human biological adaptations and environmental constraints. Evolutionary Anthropology 13(4):132–44.Google Scholar
Lyman, RL. 1991. Prehistory of the Oregon Coast. San Diego: Academic Press. 391 p.Google Scholar
Lyman, RL, Ross, RE. 1988. Oregon coast prehistory: a critical history and a model. Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 22:67–119.Google Scholar
Madsen, DB, editor. 2004. Entering America. Northeast Asia and Beringia Before the Last Glacial Maximum , Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. 486 p.Google Scholar
Mandryk, CAS, Josenhans, H, Fedje, DW, Mathewes, RW. 2001. Late Quaternary paleoenvironments of northwestern North America: implications for inland versus coastal migration routes. Quaternary Science Review 20:301–14.Google Scholar
Minor, R. 1986. An evaluation of archaeological sites on state park lands along the Oregon coast. Eugene, Oregon: Heritage Research Associations. Report nr 44. 148 p.Google Scholar
Minor, R. 1994. Blacklock Point Lithic Site. Registration form for National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service, Washington D.C. Google Scholar
Minor, R, Toepel, KA. 1986. The archaeology of the Tahkenitch landing site: early prehistoric occupation on the Oregon coast [report to the Siuslaw National Forest]. Eugene, Oregon: Heritage Research Associations. Report No. 46. 117 p.Google Scholar
Odell, GH. 2004. Lithic Analysis. Manuals in Archaeological Method, Theory, and Technique. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishing. 262 p.Google Scholar
Ramsey, CP, Griffiths, P, Fedje, DW, Wigen, RJ, Mackie, Q. 2004. Preliminary investigation of a late Wisconsinan fauna from K1 Cave, Queen Charlotte Islands (Haida Gwaii), Canada. Quaternary Research 62(1):105–9.Google Scholar
Ross, RE. 1975. Report to Oregon State Parks on the condition of 35-CS-9, September 3, 1975 [on file at the Oregon State Historic Preservation Office, Salem, Oregon].Google Scholar
Ross, RE. 1984. Terrestrial oriented sites in a marine environment along the southern Oregon coast. Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 18(2):241–55.Google Scholar
Stuiver, M, Reimer, PJ, Bard, E, Beck, JW, Burr, GS, Hughen, GS, Kromer, B, McCormac, G, van der Plicht, J, Spurk, M. 1993. IntCal98 radiocarbon age calibration, 24,000–0 cal BR Radiocarbon 40(3):1041–83.Google Scholar
Sullivan, AP IE, Rozen, KC. 1985. Debitage analysis and archaeological interpretation. American Antiquity 50:755–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar