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Financial instability, political crises and contagion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 August 2016

V. Vaugirard*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Social Sciences, University of West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago
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Summary

This paper studies banking liquidity crises under the assumption that the government may have private benefits in bailing-out a collapsing banking sector for reputation concerns. This political distortion feeds political uncertainty, as citizens may not agree with a bailout decision and overthrow the government. This paper shows that higher political uncertainty increases both financial and political instabilities as it enlarges the set of parameters for which bank runs and the dismissal of the government are optimal. Higher political uncertainty may stem from the occurrence of a politico-financial crisis in another similar country. Contagion takes place if citizens update their beliefs on the type of their government. Doing so, they may reinforce their beliefs that the government is self-interested and bank bailouts are not socially optimal.

Résumé

Résumé

Cet article étudie les crises de liquidité bancaire en faisant l'hypothèse que les gouvernements peuvent avoir une propension à secourir un secteur bancaire défaillant au-delà de ce qui est socialement optimal, pour préserver leur réputation. Cette distorsion nourrit une incertitude politique, dans la mesure où les citoyens peuvent désapprouver une décision de renflouement et ainsi limoger le gouvernement. Cet article montre qu'une plus grande incertitude politique exacerbe les instabilités financières et politiques dans le sens où cette incertitude accroît l'ensemble des paramètres du modèle pour lesquels les « ruées bancaires » (paniques) et le limogeage du gouvernement sont optimaux. Cette plus grande incertitude politique peut résulter de l'occurrence d'une crise politico-financière dans un autre pays présentant des caractéristiques similaires. Un phénomène de contagion peut alors se matérialiser si les citoyens revoient leurs croyances sur le type de gouvernements (bénévoles ou égoïstes) dans d'autres pays.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherches économiques et sociales 2007 

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