1 Fussner, F. Smith, The Historical Revolution (London, 1962).CrossRefGoogle Scholar For criticism of the Fussner thesis by scholars who wish to stress continuity rather than change in English historical thought, see Levine, Joseph M., “Ancients, Moderns and the Continuity of English Historical Writing in the Later Seventeenth Century,” in Studies in Change and Revolution, ed. Korshin, Paul J. (London, 1972), pp. 43–75 Google Scholar; Preston, Joseph, “Was there an Historical Revolution?,” Journal of the History of Ideas, 33 (1977), 353-64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

2 Fussner, , Historical Revolution, pp. 274, 299-321.Google Scholar Some of the problems raised in the present essay receive attention in Nadel, George, “Philosophy of History before Historicism,” History and Theory, 3 (1963-64), 291–315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar For intellectual context see Rice, Eugene F. Jr., The Renaissance Idea of Wisdom (Cambridge, Mass., 1958), pp. 93–105 CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Caspari, Fritz, Humanism and the Social Order in Tudor England (New York, 1954), pp. 164-65, 343-44Google Scholar; Cragg, Gerald R., Freedom and Authority: a Study of English Thought in the Early Seventeenth Century (Philadelphia, 1975)Google Scholar; Shapiro, Barbara J., Probability and Certainty in Seventeenth-Century England (Princeton, 1983)Google Scholar; Willey, Basil, The Seventeenth-Century Background (Anchor edn., New York, 1953), pp. 11–31.Google Scholar

3 Levy, F. J., Tudor Historical Thought (San Marino, Cal., 1967), pp. 148-59, 279-85Google Scholar; Ferguson, Arthur B., Clio Unbound: Perception of the Social and Cultural Past in Renaissance England (Durham, N.C., 1979), pp. 78–125.Google Scholar

4 Momigliano, Arnaldo, “Ancient History and the Antiquarian,” Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 13 (1950), 285–313 CrossRefGoogle Scholar, reprinted in his Studies in Historiography (London, 1966), pp. 1-39. Momigliano's thesis has been qualified by Erasmus, H.J. in The Origins of Rome in Historiography from Petrarch to Perizonius (Assen, 1962), pp. 34. 36, 44, 58, 123.Google Scholar

5 Momigliano, Arnaldo, “Gibbon's Contribution to Historical Method,” Studies in Historiography, pp. 40–55.Google Scholar

6 On “politic history,” see Levy, , Tudor Historical Thought, ch. vii Google Scholar; Fueter, Eduard, Geschichte der neueren Historiographie (Munich and Berlin, 1911), pp. 166-70Google Scholar; Dean, Leonard F., Tudor Theories of History-Writing (University of Michigan Contributions in Modern Philology, no. 1, April, 1947).Google Scholar

7 Momigliano, , “Ancient History and the Antiquarian,” Studies in Historiography, p. 8.Google Scholar

8 Pocock, J. G. A., The Ancient Constitution and the Feudal Law (Cambridge, 1957; Norton edn., 1967), p. 6.Google Scholar For historical pyrrhonism, see Hazard, Paul, The European Mind, 1680-1715, trans. May, J. L. (1953), pp. 48–52 Google Scholar; Franklin, Julian H., Jean Bodin and the Sixteenth-Century Revolution in the Methodology of Law and History (New York, 1963), pp. 83–102 CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Popkin, Richard, The History of Scepticism from Erasmus to Spinoza (2nd ed.; Berkeley, 1979), p. 111 Google Scholar; Bredvold, Louis I., The Intellectual Milieu of John Dryden (Ann Arbor, 1956), pp. 16–46 Google Scholar; Shapiro, , Probability and Certainty, pp. 119-62.Google Scholar

9 Kelley, Donald R., Foundations of Modern Historical Scholarship: Language, Law and History in the French Renaissance (New York, 1970)Google Scholar; Huppert, George, The Idea of Perfect History: Historical Erudition and Historical Philosophy in Renaissance France (Urbana and Chicago, 1970).Google Scholar Professor Kelley has commented elsewhere on the lack of attention paid by English scholars and lawyers to French learning, though he makes of John Selden a conspicuous exception: “History, English Law, and the Renaissance,” Past and Present, 65 (1974), 24-51. But cf. the reply to this by Brooks, C. and Sharpe, K. M., “Debate: History, English Law and the Renaissance,” Past and Present, 72 (1976), 133– 42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar For a critique of the notion of “historicism” present in the above works, see Schiffman, Zachary S., “Renaissance Historicism Reconsidered,” History and Theory, 24 (1985), 170-82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

10 Huppert, , Perfect History, pp. 5, 170-82.Google Scholar Cf. Bouwsma, W.J., “Three Types of Historiography in Post-Renaissance Italy,” History and Theory, 4 (1965), 303-14CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Cochrane, Eric, Historians and Historiography in the Italian Renaissance (Chicago, 1981), pp. 479-93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

11 Pasquier, Etienne, Recherches de la France, in Pasquier, , Oeuures (2 vols.; Amsterdam, 1723), I, 441, 908.Google Scholar

12 Voisin, Henri Lancelot, Sieur de la Popelinière, Histoire des Histoires: avec L'Idée de l'Histoire accomplie (1 vol. in 3 parts; Paris, 1599)Google Scholar, represents an attempt to integrate custom, religion, climate and other “social” topics into a general narrative; cf. Butterfield, Herbert, Man on his Past (Cambridge, 1955), pp. 205–206 Google Scholar; Sypher, G. W., “Similarities between the Scientific and Historical Revolutions at the End of the Renaissance,” Journal of the History of Ideas, 26 (1965), 353-68CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Yardeni, Myriam, “La conception de l'histoire dans l'oeuvre de la Popeliniere,” Revue d'histoire moderne et contemporaine, 11 (1964), 109-26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

13 Examples of these different terms may be found in a wide variety of sources from actual histories to parliamentary debates: Hartley, T. E., Proceedings in the Parliaments of Elizabeth I, I (London, 1981), p. 28 Google Scholar; Foxe, John, Acts and Monuments (London, 1610 ed.), I, 8 Google Scholar; Pie, Thomas, An houre glasse contayning a computation from the beginning of time to Christ (London, 1597), pp. 85–86.Google Scholar

14 For an Elizabethan instance of “history” as a kind of register or record, see the speech of Pisanio in Cymbeline (III, v, 98-99): “This paper is the history of my knowledge/Touching her flight.”

15 Collingwood, R. G., The Idea of History (2nd ed.; Oxford, 1961)Google Scholar, Part One, passim; Press, Gerald A., The Development of the Idea of History in Antiquity (Kingston and Montreal, 1982)Google Scholar; Keuck, J. Karl, Historia: Geschichte des Wortes und seiner Bedeutungen in der Antike und der romanischen Sprachen (Emsdetten, 1934).Google Scholar Cf. the recent Göttingen University doctoral dissertation by Joachim Knape, “Historie” im Mittelalter und früherneuzeit, Saecula Spiritalia, 10 (Baden-Baden, 1984). I owe this last reference to the kindness of Fritz Levy.

16 Leviathan, I, ix. Similar taxonomies can be found in Grey Brydges, fifth Lord Chandos (attribution questionable), Horae subsecivae: observations and discourses (London, 1620), pp. 194-95; Heylyn, Peter, Microcosmus, or a little description of the great world (Oxford, 1621)Google Scholar; and Whear, Degory, Relectiones hyemales de ratione et methodo legendi utrasque Historias civiles et ecclesiasticas (2nd ed.; Oxford, 1637; trans. Bohun, Edmund, London, 1685).Google Scholar

17 Works of Francis Bacon, ed. James Spedding, R. L. Ellis and D. D. Heath (7 vols.; 1861-74), IV, 303-304; Nadel, George, “History as Psychology in Francis Bacon's Theory of History,” History and Theory, 5 (1966), 275-8)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Fussner, , Historical Revolution, pp. 150-53, 253-62Google Scholar; Seifert, Arno, Cognitio Historical Die Geschichte als Namengeberin der frühneuzeitlichen Empirie (Berlin, 1976), pp. 116-38Google Scholar; Ferguson, Arthur B., “The Non-Political Past in Bacon's Theory of History,” Journal of British Studies, 14 (1974), 4–20 CrossRefGoogle Scholar; D. S. T. Clark, “Francis Bacon: The Study of History and the Science of Man” (Ph.D. thesis, Cambridge University, 1971); Dean, Leonard F., “Francis Bacon's Theory of Civil History-Writing,” in Essential Articles for the Study of Francis Bacon, ed. Vickers, Brian W. (Hamden, Conn., 1968), pp. 211-35Google Scholar; Jardine, Lisa, Francis Bacon: Discovery and the Art of Discourse (Cambridge, 1974), pp. 163 ff.Google Scholar

18 On the artes historicae, contemporary manuals on history-writing, see Beatrice Reynolds, “Shifting Currents of Historical Criticism, “Journal of the History of Ideas, 14 (1953), 471-92 and, more recently, Girolamo Cotroneo, I trattatisti del “Ars Historica” (Naples, 1971).

19 E.g. Machin, Lewis and Markham, Gervase, The dumbe knight (London, 1608)Google Scholar, an “historicall comedy” which involves fictional personages; or Ford, John, The chronicle historic of Perkin Warbeck (London, 1634)Google Scholar which concerns real ones. Shakespeare's “histories” also provide an excellent example.

20 Daniel, Samuel, The Civil Wars (London, 1595-1609), ed. Michel, Laurence (New Haven, 1958), I, 6 Google Scholar and introduction. Other examples include Francis Hubert's verse Historic of Edward the second (London, 1629) and the many historical poems of Michael Drayton and Thomas May. Cf. Benjamin, E. B., “Fame, Poetry and the Order of History in the Literature of the English Renaissance,” Studies in the Renaissance, 6 (1959), 64–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

21 E.g., Short-Title Catalogue of Books Printed in England, Scotland and Ireland … 1475-1640, ed. A. W. Pollard and G. R. Redgrave (London, 1926), no. 3528, by “N.C.”.: The modern history of the world. Or an historicall relation since the beginning of 1635 (part eight of the Swedish Intelligencer), 1635.

22 Spufford, Margaret, Small Books and Pleasant Histories (London, 1981), pp. 219-57Google Scholar; Crane, R. S., The Vogue of Medieval Chivalric Romance during the English Renaissance (Menasha, Wisconsin, 1919).Google Scholar

23 Aristotle, , Poetics, ix. 1–3 Google Scholar; Cicero, De Inventione, I, xix.27-xxi.30 (trans. H. M. Hubbard, Loeb ed., 1960, pp. 55-63); Nelson, William, Fact or Fiction: the Dilemma of the Renaissance Story-teller (Cambridge, Mass., 1973), p. 5 CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Scholes, Robert and Kellogg, Robert, The Nature of Narrative (Oxford, 1966), pp. 57–81, 99-105Google Scholar; Davis, Lennard J., Factual Fictions: The Origins of the English Novel (New York, 1983), pp. 42–70.Google Scholar

24 Cicero, De oratore, II, 36 (ed. E. W. Sutton, Loeb ed., 1942, p. 307); Marbeck, John, A booke of notes and common-places (London, 1581), p. 492.Google Scholar

25 Melbancke, Brian, Philotimus (London, 1583), sig. Aii^v Google Scholar; Richard White of Basingstoke, Historiarum Britanniae libri (I-XI) cum notis antiquitatum Britannicarum (Arras and Douai, 1597-1607)Google Scholar; Speed, John, The historie of Great Britaine (London, 1611).Google Scholar John Caius, however, used the terms antiquarii and historici indiscriminately to describe the sources for his De antiquitate Cantabrigiensis Academiae libri duo (London, 1568) and the Historia Cantabrigiensis Academiae ab urbe condita (London, 1574), but he seems to have been the exception rather than the rule.

26 Hearne, Thomas, A Collection of Curious Discourses (revised ed., ed. Ayloffe, Joseph, 2 vols.; London, 1771)Google Scholar; on the society itself, see Linda Van Norden, “The Elizabethan College of Antiquaries” (Ph.D. thesis, University of California at Los Angeles, 1946), and “Sir Henry Spelman on the Chronology of the Elizabethan College of Antiquaries,” Huntington Library Quarterly, 13 (1949-50), 131-60; McKisack, May, Medieval History in the Tudor Age (Oxford, 1972), pp. 85–93 Google Scholar; Evans, Joan, A History of the Society of Antiquaries (Oxford, 1956), pp. 7–13 Google Scholar; Levine, Joseph M., “Tudor Antiquaries,” History Today, 20 (April, 1970), 278-85.Google Scholar

27 Leland's Itinerary in England, ed. Lucy Toulmin Smith (2nd ed.; Carbondale, Ill., 1964), I, xlii; IV, 1-35; Collectanea, ed. Thomas Hearne (3 vols, in 4 parts; Oxford, 1715); Kendrick, T. D., British Antiquity (1950; reprint London, 1970), pp. 45–64.Google Scholar

28 Sidney, , An Apology for Poetry (1st ed., London, 1595, written c. 1581-83), ed. Shepherd, Geoffrey (2nd ed.; Manchester, 1973), p. 105.Google Scholar

29 Sidney's polemic was not entirely sincere, since in a letter to his brother, Robert, he accorded history limited usefulness as a teacher of political action, though not as a teacher of morality: The Prose Works of Sir Philip Sidney, ed. Albert Feuillerat (repr. Cambridge, 1962), III, 130-33; Levy, F. J., “Sir Philip Sidney and the Idea of History,” Bibliothèque d'humanisme et renaissance, 26 (1964), 608-17.Google Scholar

30 Camden, William, Britain, trans. Holland, Philemon (London, 1610), pp. 340, 363, 369, 371.Google Scholar The corresponding passages in the 1607 Latin edition are at pp. 206, 239, 256, 260-61. Cf. Piggott, Stuart, “William Camden and the Britannia ,” Proceedings of the British Academy, 37(1951), 199–217;Google Scholar Levy, J., “The Making of Camden's Britannia ,” Bibliothèque d'humanisme et renaissance, 26 (1964), 70–97.Google Scholar

31 For other examples, see Thomas Habington's A Survey of Worcestershire (written in the 1630s and 1640s, ed. J. Amphlett, 2 vols. Worcestershire Historical Society; Oxford, 1893-99), I, 184, where the work is framed as a “flight” on “our Pegasus of Worcestershire”; Drayton, Michael, Poly-Olbion (London, 1612)Google Scholar, for which see further below, carries this poetic device even further, invoking muses and river spirits.

32 Norden, John, Speculum Britanniae, Part One, Middlesex (1593).Google Scholar

33 Brooke, Ralph, A discoverie of certaine errours published in print in the much commended Britannia (London, 1596)Google Scholar, “To maister Camden”; Noble, Mark, A History of the College of Arms (London, 1804), pp. 240-45.Google Scholar

34 Camden to de Thou, 10 August, 1612: Bibliothèque National, Paris, Collection Dupuy, MS 632, fols. 103^r-v (a copy of this is in Bodleian Library, Oxford, MS Smith 74, fols.25-28). For the Annales, see Trevor-Roper, H. R., Queen Elizabeth's First Historian: William Camden and the Beginnings of English “Civil” History (Neale lecture, London, 1971).Google Scholar The breadth of Camden's interests are illustrated in the admirable library list compiled by DeMolen, Richard L., “The Library of William Camden,” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 128, no. 4, 327–409.Google Scholar

35 Stow, John, A survay of London, ed. Kingsford, C. L. (2 vols.; Oxford, 1908), I, 3 Google Scholar; Claxton to Stow, 10 April, 1594, Brit. Lib. MS Harl. 374 (D'Ewes papers), fol. 21.

36 Martin, Thomas, Historica descriptio complectens vitam, ac resgestas beatissimi viri Gulielmi Wicami… (London, 1597), sig. C2.Google Scholar

37 A. D. B., The Court of the most illustrious James the first (London, 1619), p. 46; Peacham, Henry, The Complete Gentleman (London, 1622, 1634), ed. Heltzel, Virgil B. (Ithaca, N.Y., 1962), pp. 62–63, 117-27Google Scholar; Brathwait, Richard, The schollers medley (London, 1614), pp. 61, 80.Google Scholar

38 Coke to Greville, 15 September, 1615, printed in N. Farmer, Jr., “Fulke Greville and Sir John Coke: An Exchange of Letters on a History Lectureship and Certain Latin Verses on Sir Philip Sidney,” Huntington Library Quarterly, 33 (1969-70), 217-36.

39 Bacon, , Works, II, 334 Google Scholar; IV, 303-4.

40 Schoeck, Richard, “The Elizabethan Society of Antiquaries and Men of Law,” Notes and Queries, n.s. I (1954), 417-21CrossRefGoogle Scholar; McKisack, , Medieval History in the Tudor Age, pp. 78–82.Google Scholar

41 Pocock, , Ancient Constitution, pp. 91–123 Google Scholar; Ferguson, , Clio Unbound, pp. 259–311.Google Scholar

42 Lambarde, William, Archion, or a comentary upon the high courts of justice in England (London, 1635), p. 53.Google Scholar The dedication to Sir Robert Cecil is dated 22 October 1591. Warnicke, Retha M., William Lambarde, Elizabethan Antiquary: 1536-1601 (Chichester, 1973), pp. 27–35.Google Scholar

43 Lambarde, , The perambulation of Kent (2nd ed.; London, 1596), p. 23.Google Scholar Cf. Lambarde's Dictionarium Angliae topographicum & historicum (1st ed.; 1730). In the dedication to the Perambulation Lambirde explains that he called this work a dictionary and not a history “because it was digested into titles by order of alphabet, and concerned the description of places.”

44 Lambarde's friend, Sir Thomas Wotton, actually referred to the Perambulation as a history in his commendatory letter to the second (1596) edition—but only because it did some of the things he thought a history should do, such as recounting the deeds of the county's great men in “good words well placed, eloquently”! Ibid., epistle dedicatory; Thomas Wotton, “To his countriemen, the gentlemen of Kent,” ibid.,sigs. A3-A4^v.

45 Godwin to Camden, 27 May 1608 and 9 October 1620, in Gulielmi Camdeni et illustrium virorum ad G. Camdenum epistolae, ed. Thomas Smith (London, 1691), pp. 109, 308; Merchant, W. M., “Bishop Francis Godwin, Historian and Novelist,” Journal of the Historical Society of the Church in Wales, 5 (1955), 45–51.Google Scholar

46 Godwin, Francis, Catalogue of the bishops of England (1601; revised ed., London 1616)Google Scholar; Rerum Anglicarum Henrico VIII, Edwardo VI el Maria regnantibus, Annales (London, 1616), translated by Godwin, Morgan as Annales of England (London, 1630), sig. A2.Google Scholar Camden's Parisian friend, Pierre Dupuy, went further than Godwin, urging Camden to write a new English history “cum illis nummis & sigillis”—with coins and seals: Dupuy to Camden, 16 November 1618, in Camdeni epistolae, p. 263.

47 Houghton, W. E., “The English Virtuoso in the Seventeenth Century,” Journal of the History of Ideas, 3 (1942), 51–73 CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Portal, Ethel M., “The Academ Roial of Kingjames I,” Proceedings of the British Academy, 7 (1915-16), 189–208 Google Scholar; R. Caudill, “Some Literary Evidence of the Development of English Virtuoso Interests in the Seventeenth Century” (D. Phil, thesis, Oxford University, 1975), pp. 267-86.

48 Edmund Bolton, Hypercritica: or a rule of judgment for writing or reading our histories, in Critical Essays of the Seventeenth Century, ed. J. E. Spingarn (Oxford, 1907), pp. 83, 93. 97.

49 Bolton, , Nero Caesar, or monarchie depraved (London, 1624)Google Scholar; the sources for this can be gleaned from Bolton's notes and letters in Brit. Lib. MS Harl. 6521.

50 Hearne, , Curious Discourses, II, 324 Google Scholar; on the Cottonian library, see Sharpe, Kevin, Sir Robert Cotton, 1586-1631: History and Politics in Early Modern England (Oxford, 1979), ch. iiGoogle Scholar; Fussner, Historical Revolution, ch. iii; and Wright, C. E., “The Elizabethan Society of Antiquaries and the Formation of the Cottonian Library,” in The English Library before 1700, ed. Wormald, Francis and Wright, C. E. (London, 1958), pp. 176–212.Google Scholar

51 Peacham, , The Complete Gentleman, pp. 62–63, 124.Google Scholar Still the most exhaustive study of Selden's early career is the regrettably unpublished study by the late Professor David S. Berkowitz, “Young Mr. Selden. Essays in Seventeenth Century Learning and Politics” (Ph.D. thesis, Harvard University, 1946).

52 Hazeltine, H. D., “Selden as Legal Historian,” in Festschrift Heinrich Brunner (Weimar, 1910), pp. 379–630 Google Scholar; Christianson, Paul, “Young John Selden and the Ancient Constitution, 1610-1618,” Proceedings ojthe American Philosophical Society, 128 (1984), 271–315 Google Scholar; Tuck, Richard, Natural Rights Theories: their Origins and Development (Cambridge, 1979), pp. 82–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

53 On Scaliger, perhaps the best-equipped student of antiquity of his day and a master of philological methods, see Grafton, Anthony, Joseph Scaliger: A Study in the History of Classical Scholarship, I (Oxford, 1983), 101-33, 180-226.Google Scholar

54 Selden, , Analecton Anglo-Britannicon libri duo (Frankfurt, 1615)Google Scholar, in Joannis Seldenis jurisconsulti opera omnia, ed. David Wilkins (3 vols, in 6 parts; London, 1726), II, 940 ff.; Jani Anglorum Fades Altera (London, 1610), Opera omnia, II, 974.

55 Selden, “Illustrations” to Michael Drayton, Poly-Olbion (Part One, 1612), in Works of Michael Drayton, ed. J. W. Hebel (2nd ed., 5 vols.; Oxford, 1961), IV, 246, 272.

56 Selden, , Titles of Honour (1st ed.; London, 1614)Google Scholar, epistle dedicatory, sig. a3; Titles of Honour (2nd ed.; London, 1631), in Opera omnia, III, 99. The first edition includes an extensive bibliography of Selden's sources (sigs. Ddd4^v-Ffi^v). Further information on Selden's reading list appears in Barratt, D. M., “The Library of John Selden and Its Later History,” Bodleian Library Record, 3 (1950-51), 128-42, 208-13, 256-74Google Scholar; and in Sparrow, J., “The Earlier Owners of Books in John Selden's Library,” Bodleian Quarterly Record, 6 (1931), 263-71.Google Scholar These can be supplemented by the manuscript library list and correspondence in Bodl. Lib. MSS Selden Supra 108-109, 111 and 123.

57 For “synchronism,” see Selden's introduction to Poly-Olbion, Works of Michael Drayton, IV, viii*.

58 Scaliger, Joseph Justus, Diatriba de Decimis, Opuscula varia antehac non edita, ed. Casaubon, Isaac (Paris, 1610), pp. 61–70.Google Scholar Selden cites this in his illustrations to Poly-Olbion (Works of Michael Drayton, IV, 186), and some notes in his hand on Scaliger's essay are to be found in Bodl. MS Selden Supra 108, fols. 187-90^v. The works which may have aroused Selden's interest in the issue include SirHenry Spelman, , De non temerandis Ecclesiis (London, 1613)Google Scholar and Robartes, Foulke, The Revenue of the Gospel is tythes, due to the ministerie of the word, by that word (Cambridge, 1613).Google Scholar

59 Selden, , The historie of tithes (London, 1618), facing p. 1, italicized in original.Google Scholar

60 Selden, Historie, preface, pp. vi, xvi, xx; François Baudouin, De Institutione historiae universae et ejus cum jurisprudentia conjunctione (1st ed.; Paris, 1561), repr. inArtes historicae penus, ed. J. Wolf (Basel, 1576), p. 668; cited by Kelley, , Foundations, p. 116.Google Scholar

61 Selden, Historie, sig. a2-a3.

62 In February, 1619, the bishop of London had all unsold copies of the book seized from the booksellers; but, as Selden told the French scholar, Peiresc, he had managed to save and circulate the manuscript: Selden to Peiresc, 6 February, 1618/19, Bodl. MS Smith 74, fols. 163-65.

63 SirSempill, James, Sacrilege sacredly handled (London, 1619)Google Scholar; Tillesley, Richard, Animadversions upon M. Selden's History of Tithes (London, 1619)Google Scholar; a later example, in much the same vein, is Perrot, Richard, Jacobs vowe, or the true historie of tithes (Cambridge, 1627).Google Scholar

64 Mountagu, Richard, Diatribae upon the first part of the late History of Tithes (London, 1622), p. 16.Google Scholar

65 Mountagu, , Diatribae, pp. 17, 24, 29, 73, 120, 123, 125-6, 217.Google Scholar

66 Selden, , An admonition to the reader of Sir James Sempill's Appendix, Opera omnia, III, 1349-64Google Scholar; A reply to Dr. Tillesley's animadversions upon the History of Tythes, Opera omnia, III, 1369-86.

67 Selden, , “To my singular good friend, Mr. Augustine Vincent,” in Vincent, , A discoverie of errours in the first edition of the catalogue of nobility, published by Ralph Brooke, Yorke Herald, 1619 (London, 1622)Google Scholar, sigs.a-a^v Selden's own annotated copy of this work is Bodl. lib. shelfmark S. 1.11 Jur. Seld.

68 D. R. Woolf, “John Selden, John Borough, and Francis Bacon's History of Henry VII, 1621,” Huntington Library Quarterly, 47 (1984-85), pp. 47-53.

69 Selden, Titles of Honour (2nd ed.), Opera omnia, III, 102 (my emphasis).

70 Ibid., III, 103.

71 Compare this title with the autograph MS, “a discourse or relation both of the auncyent and modern estate of the principality of Wales, dutchie of Cornewall, and earledom of Chester,” Inner Temple Library, London, Petyt MS 538, vol. 39, fols. 205-264^v, signed and dated by Dodderidge (fol. 206), 1 Jan. 1 Jas.I (i.e., 1604

72 Heylyn, Peter, The history ofthe Sabbath (London, 1636), sig. A6.Google Scholar

73 Burton, William, The description of Leicestershire (London, 1622), pp. 8–9 Google Scholar; Bedwell, William, A briefe description of the towne of Tottenham High-Crosse in Middlesex (London, 1631), sig. E3^V.Google Scholar

74 Philipot, John, Catalogue of the chancellors of England, the lord keepers of the greate seale, and the lord treasurers of England (London, 1636), sig. B^v Google Scholar; Philipot appears to have modelled his book on the Recueil des roys de France, lew couronne et maison (7th edn., 3 parts; Paris, 1607) by the French archivist, Jean du Tillet, for which see Kelley, , Foundations, pp. 222-33.Google Scholar

75 Dugdale, , The Antiquities of Warwickshire illustrated (London, 1656)Google Scholar, preface; Van Norden, “Elizabethan College of Antiquaries,” diss, cit., pp. 482-83. Against this, compare a remark by Dering, in some undated-notes, that to call St. Osmund a Norman simply because he had come over with William the Conqueror (as had, he claimed, John Bale and Francis Godwin) was “very pardonable in such an historyn, but not so in an Antiquary.” Kent Archives Office, U.133, Z.3, p. 16. I owe this reference to the kindness of Mr. Peter Salt of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge.

76 Shakerley Marmion, The Antiquary, Act I, p. 216, in Dramatic Works of Shakerley Marmion (Edinburgh and London, n.d.).

77 Kennett, White, Parochial Antiquities, Attempted in the History of Ambrosden, Burcester, and other adjacent parts in the counties of Oxford and Bucks, ed. Bandinel, B. (2 vols.; Oxford, 1818), I, xvii.Google Scholar Interestingly, Kennett tried to arrange his antiquities in chronological order, proceeding like an annalist, year by year from the Norman Conquest.

78 The Oxford English Dictionary lists the first use of “antiquarian” as a noun as early as 1610, though it did not enjoy much use till considerably later; the adjective, however, did not become current before the mid-eighteenth century.

79 Marmion, , The Antiquary, I, 210.Google Scholar

80 Earle, John, Micro-cosmographie or a piece of the world discovered (6th ed.; London, 1633), no. 9.Google Scholar For later examples, see A new dictionary of the canting crew (London, 1690) and Puckle, James, The Club: or a dialogue between father and son (London, 1711), pp. 10–11.Google Scholar I owe this last reference to Jane Arscott.

81 Rawlinson, Richard, A New Method of Studying History, Geography and Cosmology (2 vols.; London, 1730), II, 460-62.Google Scholar

82 Levine, Joseph M., Doctor Woodward's Shield: History, Science and Satire in Augustan England (Berkeley and London, 1977), pp. 114-29.Google Scholar

83 On Augustan scholarship, see Douglas, D. C., English Scholars, 1660-1730 (2nd ed.; London, 1951)Google Scholar; Levine, , Doctor Woodward's Shield, pp. 93–150, 291-93Google Scholar; Hunter, Michael, John Aubrey and the Realm of Learning (London, 1975).Google Scholar

84 Hay, Denys, “The Historiographers Royal in England and Scotland,” Scottish Historical Review, 30 (1951), 15–29 Google Scholar; Baker, Herschel, The Race of Time: Three Lectures on Renaissance Historiography (Toronto, 1967), p. 95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

85 Among the several friends and colleagues who have read and commented on earlier versions of this essay, I should like to thank especially Fritz Levy and Paul Christianson. A travel grant from Queen's University at Kingston allowed me to read an abridged version at the Pacific Northwest Renaissance Conference in Vancouver, 29 March, 1985. I am grateful to the conference members for their comments. None of the above is responsible for the errors that remain.