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Revolution and Morale in the Formative Thought of Albert Camus
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 August 2009
Extract
When albert camus received the Nobel Prize in 1957, he was honored for the quality of his writing and as a representative of the generation that had come of age between the two world wars. Camus did not hesitate to identify himself with this generation. He was willing to be a witness for those who had been helplessly thrust into “twenty years of absolutely insane history.” This was the generation, he said at Stockholm, that had learned to endure in an age when history was dominated by “the death instinct at work.”
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- Copyright © University of Notre Dame 1963
References
* The author's research on this subject has had the support of a grant from the American Philosophical Society.
1 The best bibliography on Camus is Simone Crepin, Albert Camus, essai de bibliographie (Bruxelles, 1960)Google Scholar. The more significant studies on Camus include: Robert de Luppé, Albert Camus (Paris, 1951)Google Scholar, Quillot, Roger, La Mer et les prisons: Essai sur Albert Camus (Paris, 1951Google Scholar), Hanna, Thomas, The Thought and Art of Albert Camus (Chicago, 1958Google Scholar), Cruickshank, John, Albert Camus and the Literature of Revolt (London, 1959Google Scholar), Brée, Germaine, Camus (New Brunswick, 1959)Google Scholar, Thody, Philip, Albert Camus: 1913–1960 (London, 1961)Google Scholar.
2 Camus, Albert, Oeuvres complétes (4 vols.; Paris, 1962) III, Discours de Suède, 443Google Scholar.
3 Camus, , Carnets, mai 1935—février 1942 (Paris, 1962Google Scholar).
4 Alger—Républicain, October 6, 1938.
5 Camus, “Dialogue entre un président du conseil et un employé à 1.200 francs par mois,” Alger-Républicain, 12 3, 1938Google Scholar. This article was in response to Premier Daladier's breaking on November 30, 1938 the general strike against modification of Popular Front reform.
6 Camus, , review of “La Nausée,” by Sartre, Jean-Paul, Alger-Républicain, 10 20, 1938Google Scholar. When Camus, reviewed Sartre's Le Mur on 03 12, 1939Google Scholar he thought it a great artistic achievement but did not subscribe to its philosophy.
7 Ibid.
8 Camus, , review of “La Conspiration” by Nizan, Paul, Alger-Républicain 11 11, 1938Google Scholar.
9 Camus, , “Au Pays Du Mufle,” Alger-Républicain, 11 19, 1938Google Scholar.
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15 For the history of the group “Combat” see Granet, Marie and Michel, Henri, Combat (Paris, 1957Google Scholar) and Michel, HenriHistoire de la Resistance (Paris, 1958Google Scholar).
16 Camus, , Le Mythe de Sisyphe, edition augmentée (Paris, 1942), p. 94Google Scholar.
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18 Ibid., p. 129.
19 Ibid., p. 130.
20 Ibid., p. 154.
21 Ibid., p. 185. In parenthesis Camus added the important comment “a truly absurd work is not universal.”
22 Ibid., pp. 185–86, italics mine.
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24 Camus, , Combat, “De La Resistance à La Revolution,” 08 8, 1944Google Scholar; “Le Temps de la Justice,” August 2, 1944; “Revons au gouvernement,” September 11, 1944. At this time Camus wrote “Mais le bon sens est toujours révolutionnaire,” Ibid.
25 Ibid., August 21, 1944.
26 Ibid., “La fin d'un monde,” September 6, 1944.
27 Ibid., “Avec l'arrestation de Louis Renault,” September 26, 1944. See also Combat for September 27, 28, and 30, 1944. In his editorial of September 26, Camus wrote that in pressing for severe justice he was not calling for “a revolutionary tribunal.”
28 Ibid., “Sur le parti socialiste,” October 8, 1944.
29 Ibid., “La fête de l'armée et du peuple,” April 3, 1945.
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35 I have used here the excellent translation of Macdonald, Dwight in Liberation, IV (02, 1960), 4–10Google Scholar.
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38 Ibid., 9.
38 Interview of author with Mademoiselle C. Faure, sister-in-law of Albert Camus, August 6, 1962.
40 Interview “Le Pari de notre génération,” Demain, October 24–30, 1957, 11–13; also in Camus, Albert, Resistance, Rebellion and Death, translated by O'Brien, Justin (London, 1961), “The Wager of Our Generation,” p. 172Google Scholar.
41 Ibid., p. 61, and Actuelles I, 249.
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44 Ibid., p. 378.
45 Ibid., p. 367.
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48 Ibid., xiii–xiv.
49 Ibid.