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A new type of non-deep physiological dormancy: evidence from three annual Asteraceae species in the cold deserts of Central Asia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 September 2014

Mihray Nur ,
Carol C. Baskin ,
Juan J. Lu ,
Dun Y. Tan  and
Jerry M. Baskin
Mihray Nur
Affiliation:
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, College of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi830052, China
Carol C. Baskin*
Affiliation:
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, College of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi830052, China Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40546, USA Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40506, USA
Juan J. Lu
Affiliation:
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, College of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi830052, China
Dun Y. Tan*
Affiliation:
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, College of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi830052, China
Jerry M. Baskin
Affiliation:
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, College of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi830052, China Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40506, USA
*
*Correspondence E-mail: tandunyan@163.com or ccbask0@uky.edu;
*Correspondence E-mail: tandunyan@163.com or ccbask0@uky.edu;
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Abstract

Although Asteraceae species are important in the cold deserts of Central Asia, little is known about their seed dormancy and germination. We determined dormancy breaking and germination requirements of three annual Asteraceae, Echinops gmelinii, Epilasia acrolasia and Koelpinia linearis. Achenes (seeds) were tested for germination in light and in darkness over a range of alternating temperatures after various periods of burial outdoors and of dry storage. Germination phenology was monitored for seeds sown in irrigated and non-irrigated sand, and temperature requirements for dormancy break were determined under wet and dry conditions. Effects of pericarp and phyllaries on germination of E. acrolasia and E. gmelinii, respectively, were determined. Low percentages of 20-day-old seeds of E. acrolasia and K. linearis were non-dormant and germinated to low percentages over the range of temperatures, whereas all seeds of E. gmelinii were dormant. As seeds of the three species afterripened, they germinated over the range of temperatures. Whether seeds germinated in autumn or spring depended on the amount of sand moisture. Mechanical resistance of the pericarp and phyllaries reduced germination of E. acrolasia and E. gmelinii, respectively. Temperature requirements for germination as seeds come out of dormancy do not correspond to any of the known five types of non-deep physiological dormancy (PD). Thus, a sixth type is recognized in which germination occurs over the same range of temperatures in the early and late stages of dormancy break. Type 6 allows seeds to germinate at high or at low temperatures, whenever sand moisture is non-limiting.

Keywords

Asteraceaecold desertnon-deep physiological dormancyseed dormancyseed germination
Type
Research Papers
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 24 , Issue 4 , December 2014 , pp. 301 - 314
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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