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The Allies and the Supreme Administration of the Northern Region August 2–October 7, 1918
A Page in the History of Allied Intervention in North Russia
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2017
Extract
The Relations between the Allies and the North Russian government were unique in the history of Allied intervention since, unlike other regions, the situation at Archangel presented unusual aspects: in the first place, there were no Russian armed forces, to speak of, on whom the government could rest its authority; in the second place, the actual territory freed from the Bolsheviks was too small to warrant a government as formal as that which had been conceived for the administration of the whole Northern Region down to Petrograd and Vologda; and, finally, the presence at Archangel of the Allied Ambassadors side by side with the British Major-General Frederick C. Poole, Commander of All Armed Forces in North Russia, created a singularly complicated conflict of authority.
Since the ratification of the Brest-Litovsk Treaty and the withdrawal of Russia from the ranks of the belligerents, the Allies (especially France and Great Britain) had sought to help those elements in Russia that might bring the country once more into the war against Germany. The French Ambassador, Joseph Noulens, favored the socialist groups, particularly the “Union for the Regeneration of Russia, while the British, through their Naval Attache Captain Cromie, and their special agent Lockhart, preferred to deal with the more conservative elements among the officers of the Russian Army and Navy.
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References
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38 Ibid., II, 515.
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43 “Attempted Revolution …, ” p. 2.
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45 Ibid., p. 28.
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48 Foreign Relations, II, 524.
49 Ibid., pp. 522, 532, Noulens: op. cit., p. 200.
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51 “Attempted Revolution … , p. 3.
52 Foreign Relations, II, 521.
53 Ibid.
54 Veslnik Verchovnago Upravlenija Severnoi Oblasti, No. 25, September 14, 1918, p. 3. Colonel Durov refused to accept the appointment and promptly informed the Ambassadors that he disapproved of the whole proceeding. (“Attempted Revolution … , p. 3.)
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61 Foreign Relations, II, 523. This text communicated by Francis differs somewhat from the actual proclamation as here reproduced.
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64 “Attempted Revolution … ,” p. 3.
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71 “Attempted Revolution … ,” p. 3.
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77 “Atempted Revolution … ,” p. 5.
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83 Ibid., II, 535.
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86 Vestnik, No. 28, September 18, 1918, p. 1.
87 Ibid., No. 27, September 17, 1918, p. 1.
88 Ibid., No. 28, September 18, 1918, p. 1.
89 Ibid., p. 2.
90 Ibid., No. 30, September 20, 1918, p. 1.
91 Foreign Relations, II, 526.
92 Noulens: op. cit., p. 222.
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95 Melgunov: op. cit., 87. After their arrival in Siberia they were arrested by order of Admiral Kolchak (Chaplin: loc. cit., p. 30).
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100 Vestnik, No. 40, October 3, 1918, p. 1.
101 Id.
102 Ibid., No. 45, October 9, 1918, p. 1.