Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-2pzkn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-02T02:36:54.970Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

State Legislative Campaign Finance Research: A Review Essay

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2021

Graham P. Ramsden*
Affiliation:
Creighton University

Abstract

Over the last 10 years, a great deal of research has been conducted in what had been a neglected field—state legislative campaign finance. Much of this research is motivated by concerns about the impact of money on democracy in state legislative elections. This essay reviews that work critically, looking particularly at studies of spending levels, campaign contributions and fundraising, spending and voting, and campaign finance reform. Comparing campaign finance systems across the states facilitates theory building, provides empirical leverage with which to test hypotheses developed at the congressional level, and allows us to test the efficacy of campaign finance reforms.

Type
Review Essay
Copyright
Copyright © The American Political Science Association, 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adamany, David. 1969. Financing Politics: Recent Wisconsin Elections. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Alexander, Herbert E., ed. 1976. Campaign Money: Reform and Reality in the States. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Alexander, Herbert E. 1991. Reform and Reality: The Financing of State and Local Campaigns. New York: The Twentieth Century Fund.Google Scholar
Alexander, Herbert E. 1998. “Foreword.” In Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections, eds. Thompson, Joel A. and Moncrief, Gary F.. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Berkman, Michael B. 1994. “State Legislators in Congress: Strategic Politicians, Professional Legislatures, and the Party Nexus.” American Journal of Political Science 38: 10251055.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berkman, Michael B., and Eisenstein, James. 1999. “State Legislators as Congressional Candidates: The Effects of Prior Experience on Legislative Recruitment and Fundraising.” Political Research Quarterly 52: 481498.Google Scholar
Breaux, David A., and Gierzynski, Anthony. 1991. “It's Money That Matters: Campaign Expenditures and State Legislative Primaries.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 16: 429443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breaux, David A., and Gierzynski, Anthony. 1998. “Candidate Revenues and Expenditures in State Legislative Primaries.” In Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections, eds. Thompson, Joel A. and Moncrief, Gary F.. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Caldeira, Gregory A., and Patterson, Samuel C.. 1982. “Bringing Home the Votes: Electoral Outcomes in State Legislative Races.” Political Behavior 4: 3367.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cassie, William E., and Breaux, David A.. 1998. “Expenditures and Election Results.” In Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections, eds. Thompson, Joel A. and Moncrief, Gary F.. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Cassie, William E., and Thompson, Joel A.. 1998. “Patterns of PAC Contributions to State Legislative Candidates.” In Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections, eds. Thompson, Joel A. and Moncrief, Gary F.. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Clucas, Richard. 1992. “Legislative Leadership and Campaign Support in California.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 17: 265284.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clucas, Richard. 1994. “The Effect of Campaign Contributions on the Power of the California Assembly Speaker.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 19: 417428.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Donnay, Patrick D., and Ramsden, Graham P.. 1995. “Public Financing of Legislative Elections: Lessons from Minnesota.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 20: 351364.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dow, Jay. 1994. “Campaign Contributions and Intercandidate Transfers in the California Assembly.” Social Science Quarterly 75: 867880.Google Scholar
Dwyre, Diana, and Stonecash, Jeffrey. 1992. “Where's the Party? Changing State Party Organizations.” American Politics Quarterly 20: 326344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endicott, William. 1976. “California: A New Law.” In Campaign Money: Reform and Reality in the American States, ed. Alexander, Herbert E.. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Ford, Jon. 1976. “Texas: Big Money.” In Campaign Money: Reform and Reality in the American States, ed. Alexander, Herbert E.. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Gierzynski, Anthony. 1992. Legislative Party Campaign Committees in the American States. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky.Google Scholar
Gierzynski, Anthony. 1998. “Data-Gathering Issues.” In Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections, eds. Thompson, Joel A. and Moncrief, Gary F.. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Gierzynski, Anthony, and Breaux, David A.. 1991. “Money and Votes in State Legislative Elections.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 16: 203217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gierzynski, Anthony, and Breaux, David A.. 1993. “Money and the Party Vote in State House Elections.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 18:515533.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gierzynski, Anthony, and Breaux, David A.. 1994. “The Role of Parties in Legislative Campaign Financing.” The American Review of Politics 15: 171189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gierzynski, Anthony, and Breaux, David A.. 1996. “Legislative Elections and the Importance of Money.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 21: 337358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gierzynski, Anthony, and Breaux, David A.. 1998. “The Financing Role of Parties.” In Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections, eds. Thompson, Joel A. and Moncrief, Gary F.. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Giles, Michael, and Pritchard, Anita. 1985. “Campaign Spending and Legislative Elections in Florida.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 10: 7188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glantz, Stanton A., Abramowitz, Alan I., and Burkhart, Michael P.. 1976. “Election Outcomes: Whose Money Matters?Journal of Politics 38: 10331041.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gopoian, J. David. 1984. “What Makes PACs Tick? An Analysis of the Allocation Patterns of Economic Interest Groups.” American Journal of Political Science 28: 259281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamm, Keith E., and Squire, Peverill. 2001. “A ‘Tools of the Trade’ Look at Comparing Congress with State Legislatures.” Presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, San Francisco, CA.Google Scholar
Healy, Robert. 1976. “Massachusetts: Corruption and Cleanup.” In Campaign Money: Reform and Reality in the American States, ed. Alexander, Herbert E.. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Herrmann, Frederick M., and Michaelson, Ronald D.. 1994. “Financing State and Local Elections: Recent Developments.” In The Book of the States, 1994-95. Lexington, KY: The Council of State Governments.Google Scholar
Herrnson, Paul S. 1998. Congressional Elections: Campaigning at Home and in Washington. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Hogan, Robert E. 1997. “Expenditure Patterns in State Legislative Campaigns: Where Does the Money Go?The American Review of Politics 18: 249268.Google Scholar
Hogan, Robert E. 1999. “Campaign Spending in State Legislative Primary Elections.” State and Local Government Review 31: 214220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hogan, Robert E., and Thompson, Joel A.. 1998. “Minorities and Campaign Contributions.” In Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections, eds. Thompson, Joel A. and Moncrief, Gary F.. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Hogan, Robert E., and Hamm, Keith E.. 1998. “Variations in District-Level Campaign Spending in State Legislatures.” In Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections, eds. Thompson, Joel A. and Moncrief, Gary F.. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Huckshorn, Robert J. 1985. “Who Gave It? Who Got It?: The Enforcement of Campaign Finance Laws in the States.” Journal of Politics 47: 773789.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobson, Gary C. 1978. “The Effects of Campaign Spending in Congressional Elections.” American Political Science Review 72: 480485.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobson, Gary C. 1985. “Party Organization and Campaign Resources in 1982.” Political Science Quarterly 100: 604625.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacobson, Gary C. 1997. The Politics of Congressional Elections. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, Inc.Google Scholar
Jacobson, Gary C., and Kernell, Samuel. 1983. Strategy and Choice in Congressional Elections. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Jewell, Malcolm E., and Cassie, William E.. 1998. “Can the Legislative Campaign Finance System Be Reformed?” In Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections, eds. Thompson, Joel A. and Moncrief, Gary F.. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Jones, Ruth S. 1981. “State Public Campaign Finance: Implications for Partisan Politics.” American Journal of Political Science 25: 342361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, Ruth S. 1984. “Financing State Elections.” In Money and Politics in the United States: Financing Elections in the 1980s, ed. Malbin, Michael. Chatham, NJ: Chatham House Publishers.Google Scholar
Jones, Ruth S. 1986. “State and Federal Legislative Campaigns: Same Song, Different Verse.” Election Politics 3: 812.Google Scholar
Jones, Ruth S. 1993. “Campaign and Party Finance in the American States.” In Campaigns and Party Finance in North America and Western Europe, ed. Gunlicks, Arthur B.. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Jones, Ruth S., and Hopkins, Anne H.. 1985. “State Campaign Fund Raising: Targets and Response.” Journal of Politics 47: 427449.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, Ruth S., and Borris, T.. 1985. “Strategic Contributing in Legislative Campaigns: The Case of Minnesota.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 10: 89105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, Jerome. 1976. “Maryland: Money Talks.” In Campaign Money: Reform and Reality in the American States, ed. Alexander, Herbert E.. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Malbin, Michael J., and Gais, Thomas L.. 1998. The Day After Reform: Sobering Campaign Finance Lessons from the American States. Albany, NY: The Rockefeller Institute Press.Google Scholar
Mansfield, William. 1976. “Florida: The Power of Incumbency.” In Campaign Money: Reform and Reality in the American States, ed. Alexander, Herbert E.. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Mayer, Kenneth. 1998. Public Financing and Electoral Competition in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Los Angeles: Citizens' Research Foundation, University of Southern California.Google Scholar
Mayer, Kenneth, and Wood, John M.. 1995. “The Impact of Public Financing on Electoral Competitiveness: Evidence from Wisconsin, 1964-1990.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 20: 6987.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCullough, Gerard J. 1976. “Pennsylvania: The Failure of Campaign Reform.” In Campaign Money: Reform and Reality in the American States, ed. Alexander, Herbert E.. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Moncrief, Gary. 1992. “The Increase in Campaign Expenditures in State Legislative Elections: A Comparison of Four Northwestern States.” Western Political Quarterly 45: 549558.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moncrief, Gary. 1998. “Candidate Spending in State Legislative Races.” In Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections, eds. Thompson, Joel A. and Moncrief, Gary F.. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Moncrief, Gary, and Thompson, Joel A.. 1998. Campaign Spending in State Legislative Contests, 1986-1994. Los Angeles: Citizens' Research Foundation, University of Southern California.Google Scholar
Moncrief, Gary, and David Patton, W.. 1993. “Upping the Campaign Ante as Parties Compete to Control the Legislature.” State and Local Government Review 25:3944.Google Scholar
Mooney, Christopher Z. 2001. “State Politics and Policy Quarterly and the Study of State Politics: The Editor's Introduction.” State Politics and Policy Quarterly 1:14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neal, Tommy. 1992. “The Sky-High Cost of Campaigns.” State Legislatures, May: 21.Google Scholar
Olson, Edward C. 1983. “Campaign Spending in Texas Legislative Elections.” Texas Journal of Political Studies 6: 4053.Google Scholar
Owens, John R., and Olson, Edward C.. 1977. “Campaign Spending and the Electoral Process in California.” Western Political Quarterly 30: 493512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Polczinski, Al. 1976. “Kansas: Reform and Reaction.” In Campaign Money: Reform and Reality in the American States, ed. Alexander, Herbert E.. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Pritchard, Anita. 1992. “Strategic Considerations in the Decision to Challenge a State Legislative Incumbent.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 17: 381393.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quinn, Francis X. 2000. “Maine Election System Gets Test,” The Burlington Free Press, 25 June, 5B.Google Scholar
Raines, Howell. 1976. “Georgia: The Politics of Campaign Reform.” In Campaign Money: Reform and Reality in the American States, ed. Alexander, Herbert E.. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Ramsden, Graham P., and Donnay, Patrick D.. 2001. “The Impact of Minnesota's Political Contribution Refund Program on Small Donor Behavior in State House Races.” State and Local Government Review 33: 3241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, Sam. 1976. “New York: Loopholes and Limits.” In Campaign Money: Reform and Reality in the American States, ed. Alexander, Herbert E.. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Romer, Thomas, and Snyder, James M. Jr. 1994. “An Empirical Investigation of the Dynamics of PAC Contributions.” American Journal of Political Science 38: 745769.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenthal, Cindy Simon. 1995. “New Party or Campaign Bank Account? Explaining the Rise of State Legislative Campaign Committees.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 20: 249268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schecter, David L., and Hedge, David M.. 2001. “Dancing with the One Who Brought You: The Allocation and Impact of Party Giving to State Legislators.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 26: 437457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Squire, Peverill. 1991. “Preemptive Fundraising and Challenger Profile in Senate Elections.” Journal of Politics 53: 11501164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stonecash, Jeffrey. 1988. “Working at the Margins: Campaign Finance and Party Strategy in New York Assembly Elections.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 13: 477493.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stonecash, Jeffrey. 1990. “Campaign Finance in New York Senate Elections.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 15: 247262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thielemann, Gregory S., and Dixon, Donald R.. 1994. “Explaining Contributions: Rational Contributors and the Elections for the Seventy-first Texas House.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 19:495506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, Joel A., and Moncrief, Gary F.. 1998. “Exploring the ‘Lost World’ of Campaign Finance.” In Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections, eds. Thompson, Joel A. and Moncrief, Gary F.. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Thompson, Joel A., and Moncrief, Gary F., eds. 1998. Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Thompson, Joel, and Cassie, William. 1992. “Party and PAC Contributions to North Carolina State Legislative Candidates.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 17: 409416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, Joel A., Moncrief, Gary F., and Hamm, Keith E.. 1998. “Gender, Candidate Attributes, and Campaign Contributions.” In Campaign Finance in State Legislative Elections, eds. Thompson, Joel A. and Moncrief, Gary F.. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.Google Scholar
Thompson, Joel, Cassie, William, and Jewell, Malcolm. 1994. “A Sacred Cow or Just a Lot of Bull?: Party and PAC Money in State Legislative Elections.” Political Research Quarterly 47: 223237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tucker, Harvey J., and Weber, Ronald E.. 1987. “State Legislative Election Outcomes: Contextual Effects and Legislative Performance Effects.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 12: 537553.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Usher, Brian T. 1976. “Ohio: A Tale of Two Parties.” In Campaign Money: Reform and Reality in the American States, ed. Alexander, Herbert E.. New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Welch, W.P. 1976. “The Effectiveness of Expenditures in State Legislative Races.” American Politics Quarterly 4: 333356.CrossRefGoogle Scholar