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Influence of granulosa cells and of different somatic cell types on mammalian oocyte development in vitro

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 September 2008

Sadra Cecconi  and
Rosella Colonna
Sadra Cecconi*
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences and Technologies, University L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Rosella Colonna
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences and Technologies, University L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
*
S. Cecconi, Department of Biological Sciences and Technologies, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy. Telephone: +39+862-433459. Fax: +39+862-433433.
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Extract

In mammals the ability of an oocyte to become fertilised is the result of a complex process occurring within the ovarian follicle which depends on the stagespecific expression of oocyte genes and the presence of granulosa cells (for a review see Buccione et al., 1990a). The coordinated development of germinal and somatic components of the follicle is regulated by two principal systems of interaction, based on the presence of gap junctions and on the production of paracrine factors. Gap junctions link granulosa cells to each other and to the oocyte (Anderson & Albertini, 1976), and represent a major route for the transfer of small molecules involved in oocyte metabolism (for a review see Mangia et al., 1992) and regulation of the arrest and resumption of meiosis (for a review see Eppig, 1993). The production of paracrine factors by granulosa cells has been suggested by the findings that these cells express the production of the Steel locus, the Steel factor (SLF) or kit ligand (KL; Motro et al., 1991; Manova et al., 1993), and that this factor promotes oocyte growth in vitro when used at high concentrations (Packer et al., 1994). Since KL is too large to be transmitted through gap junctions, it must necessarily be released in the extracellular environment before binding to the c-kit receptor present on oocyte membrane (Manova et al., 1990; Horie et al., 1991).

Type
Article
Information
Zygote , Volume 4 , Issue 4 , November 1996 , pp. 305 - 307
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

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