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Assessing genetic diversity, allelic richness and genetic relationship among races in ICRISAT foxtail millet core collection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2012

M. Vetriventhan ,
H. D. Upadhyaya ,
C. R. Anandakumar ,
S. Senthilvel ,
H. K. Parzies ,
A. Bharathi ,
R. K. Varshney  and
C. L. L. Gowda
M. Vetriventhan
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India
H. D. Upadhyaya*
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India
C. R. Anandakumar
Affiliation:
Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Madurai625 104, Tamil Nadu, India
S. Senthilvel
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India
H. K. Parzies
Affiliation:
University of Hohenheim, Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, Fruwirthstr. 21, D-70599Stuttart, Germany
A. Bharathi
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India
R. K. Varshney
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India
C. L. L. Gowda
Affiliation:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: h.upadhyaya@cgiar.org
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Abstract

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.) is an ideal crop for changing climate and food habits of peoples due to its short duration, high photosynthetic efficiency, nutritional richness and fair resistance to pest and diseases. However, foxtail millet yields are low mainly due to the lack of effort for its improvement and the lack of proper utilization of existing genetic variability. To enhance the use of diverse germplasm in breeding programmes, a core collection in foxtail millet consisting of 155 accessions was established. Core collection accessions were fingerprinted using 84 markers (81 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and three Expressed Sequence Tag (EST)-SSRs). Our results showed the presence of greater molecular diversity in the foxtail millet core collection. The 84 markers detected a total of 1356 alleles with an average of 16.14 alleles (4–35) per locus. Of these, 368 were rare alleles, 906 common alleles and 82 the most frequent alleles. Sixty-one unique alleles that were specific to a particular accession and useful for germplasm identification were also detected. In this study, the genetic diversity of foxtail millet was fairly correlated well with racial classification, and the race Indica showed a greater genetic distance from the races Maxima and Moharia. The pairwise estimate of dissimilarity was >0.50 except in 123 out of 11,935 pairs which indicated a greater genetic variability. Two hundred and fifty pairs of genetically most diverse accessions were identified. This large molecular variation observed in the core collection could be utilized effectively by breeders or researchers for the selection of diverse parents for breeding cultivars and the development of mapping populations.

Keywords

core collectiongermplasmmolecular diversityracesSetaria italicasimple sequence repeat
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 10 , Issue 3 , December 2012 , pp. 214 - 223
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2012

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